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\title{ NCD X terminal mini HOWTO}
\author{Ian Hodge, {\ttfamily ian at permedia.ca} }
\date{v1.09, March 27, 2000}
\abstract{³o¥÷¤å¥ó¦b±Ð­z¦p¦ó¥H NCD X ²×ºÝ¾÷³s±µ¦Ü UNIX ¥D¾÷¡C}


\begin{document}
\maketitle
\tableofcontents

\section{ª©Åv}

NCD X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº mini HOWTO ªºª©Åv¬O¥Ñ Ian Hodge¡C Linux
HOWTO ¤å¥ó¤]³\·|¥H¥ô¦óªº´CÅé¨Ó­«¸m©Îµo¥¬¨ä¤¤ªº³¡¥÷©Î¥þ³¡¡A
¤£½×¥H¦L¨ê©Î¬O¹q¤lÀÉ¡A³o¥÷ª©Åv«Å§i³£­n¥]§t¦b©Ò¦³ªºµo¦æ¤¤¡C




\section{¤Þ¨¥}

³o¥÷¤å¥ó¦b±Ð­z¦p¦ó¥Ñ§Q¥Î BootP(Boot Protocol) ³sµ²¦Ü UNIX ¥D¾÷²£¥Í¤@­Ó¨Ã°_©l¤@­Ó X ²×ºÝ¾÷¡C
³\¦hªº²×ºÝ¾÷¼Ò¦¡¤]¬Û®e©ó¥Ñ RARP, NFS ©Î¬O PCMCIA ¥d¡A©Î¬O§Ç¦Cªúªº³s±µ
( ¤£½×¬Oª½±µ³s½u©Î¬O³z¹L¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ ) ªº¶}¾÷¤è¦¡¡C

ÁöµM³o¥÷¤å¥óªº¤º®e¬O¥H³æ¤@¼Ò¦¡ªº X terminal °µ¬°°òÂ¦ªº¡A
¦ý¬O³o¨Ç¸ê°T¤]¾A¥Î©ó¨ä¥Lªº¼Ò¦¡©Î¬O¨ä¥Lªº X ²×ºÝ¾÷¡C
¥t¥~¦³¤@¥÷¦W¬° Linux X terminal ªº mini HOWTO ¤å¥ó 
( ³o¥÷¤å¥ó³Q HOWTO ªººûÅ@¤H­û«Å§i¼o±ó¤F¡A©Ò¥H¤]³\§A¦b Linux ªºµo¦æª©¥»¤¤§ä¤£¨ì³o¥÷¤å¥ó )
³o¥÷¤å¥ó©M¥»¤å¥óªº¤º®e¦³©Ò­«Å|¡C³o¥÷¤å¥ó¥]§t§ó¼sªxªº X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº»¡©ú¡C




\subsection{¥þ³¡ªº¨BÆJ}

³s±µ¤@­Ó X ²×ºÝ¾÷¦Ü UNIX ºô¸ôªº¨BÆJ¤j­P¤W¦³¤U¦C´X­Ó¨BÆJ¡G

\begin{itemize}
\item ¹ê»Úªº³s±µ X ²×ºÝ¾÷¦Üºô¸ô¡C
\item ³]©w§A­n±q­þ³¡ UNIX ¥D¾÷¶}¾÷¡C
\item ³]©w X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¶}¾÷µ{§Ç¡C
\item °_©l X ²×ºÝ¾÷¡C
\item µn¤Jºô°ì¡C
\end{itemize}







\section{»Ý¨D}


\subsection{X ²×ºÝ¾÷}

X ²×ºÝ¾÷¬O¤@ºØ§Q¥Îºô¸ô§@·¾³q»PÅã¥Üªº¸Ë¸m¡A¦Ó³oºØºô¸ô
§Q¥Î¤F¤À´²¦¡ªººô¸ôµøµ¡¨t²Î¡A¨Ò¦p§Ú­Ì©Ò¼ôª¾ªº X ¡C
¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥¡A X ªº³nÅé(¨Ò¦p X server)¬O¦b¶}¾÷®É±qºô¸ô¤W³Q¨ú¦^¨Óªº¡C
³o¨Ç°£¤F X server ªº³nÅé ( X client ªºµ{¦¡ )
¨Ã¤£¬O¦b¨Ï¥Î X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¾÷¾¹¤W¶] ( µM¦³¤@¨Ç¨Ò¥~ )¡F
X ²×ºÝ¾÷¤Ï¦Ó¬O¦bÅã¥Ü¨ä¥L¦s¦b©óºô¸ô¤¤ªº¾÷¾¹¤W¡A°õ¦æµ{¦¡ªºµ²ªG¡C
©Ò¥H»¡ X ²×ºÝ¾÷¥u¬O¤@ºØ§Q¥Î X ¨ó©w¥h¦s¨úºô¸ô¸ê·½ªº¤@ºØºô¸ô¹q¸£¡C




\subsection{¹êÅé³s±µ}

 NCD ªº X ²×ºÝ¾÷ ( «¬¸¹¬° Xncd19r ³Æ¥Î©ó·Ç³Æ³o¥÷¤å¥ó )
¾Ö¦³¤@­Ó RJ-45 ( Âùµ±½u ) ªº 10baseT ¤A¤Óºô¸ôªºµóÀY¡C
¤@³¡¶°½u¾¹¬O¥HÂùµ±½u³s±µ¨â­Ó¥H¤W¤A¤Óºô¸ô¸Ë¸mªº³]³Æ¡C
¦pªG X ²×ºÝ¾÷©M¦oªº¥D¾÷¬Oºô¸ô¤W¦s¦bªº¶È¦³ªº¸Ë¸m¡A
¥L­ÌÀ³¸Ó³Q¤@ºØ¥s°µ 'null' ½uªº½u¤~³s±µ¡A³oºØ½u¦b Linux Ethernet HOWTO 
ªº¤å¥ó¤¤¦³³Q´y­z¡C




\subsection{NCD X ¦øªA¾¹³nÅé}

X server ³nÅé¥Ñ»s³y¼t°Ó´£¨Ñ¨Ã¥BÀ³¸Ó¦b²×ºÝ¾÷¶Rªº®É­Ô´£¨Ñ¡C
³o¥÷ÀÉ®×³QÀx¦s¦b¯àÅý X ²×ºÝ¾÷¶}¾÷ªº¥D¾÷¤W¡C
¥¦¦] X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¤£¦P¦Ó¦³©Ò¤£¦P¡A¦ý¬O©MÀx¦s¥¦ªº¥D¾÷¨Ã¨S¦³Ãö«Y¡C
²×ºÝ¾÷¯à°÷±q¥ô¦ó¤ä´©¶}¾÷ªº³q°T®§¨ó©wªº¥D¾÷¶}¾÷¡C
¥t¥~¡A³o¥÷ X ªº³nÅé¤]¥]§t¤F X server ¥H¤Î¤@¨ÇÃþ¦ü©óµøµ¡ºÞ²z­û¡A
¦b X ²×ºÝ¾÷¤W°õ¦æªºµ{¦¡¡C




\section{³]©w UNIX ¥D¾÷}

¦b¶}¾÷®É¡AX ²×ºÝ¾÷¦Ûºô¸ô¤Wªº»·ºÝ¨t²Î¨ú±o³o¨Ç¥²­nÀÉ®× (¥]§t¥¦ªº X server )
·í²×ºÝ¾÷¶}¾÷¥H«á¡AX server ±N·|±±¨î¿é¤J¡AÅã¥Ü¥H¤Î X ³q°T®§©wªº·¾³q¡C
X server ¬O¦b X ²×ºÝ¾÷¤W°õ¦æªº¡A©Ò¥H¥¦¨Ã¤£»Ý­n»P¦s©ñ¥¦ªº¥D¾÷»Ý­n¬Û®e¡C




\subsection{TFTP ¥H¤Î BootP}

¤@¨Ö´£¤Î tftp (trivial file transfer protocol) ÁÙ¦³ BootP (boot protocol
server) ³£³Q¨Ï¥Î©ó X ²×ºÝ¾÷³z¹Lºô¸ô¨ú±o»·ºÝ¥D¾÷¤Wªº X server ¥H¤Î³]©wÀÉ¡A ³o¨âºØªA°È¨å«¬ªº³£¬O³Q inetd ( Internet Daemon ) ±Ò°Ê¡C



X ²×ºÝ¾÷¶}¾÷¥H«á¡A¦pªG¥¦³]©w¦¨¦Ûºô¸ô¶}¾÷¡A¥¦±N·|¥H BootP ( TCP/IP bootstrap protocol ) °e¥X¼s¼½ªº°T®§¡C
³o¥÷¶}¾÷ªº¸ê°T±N·|¥]§tX ²×ºÝ¾÷ªººô¸ô¥d¥d¸¹¸ê®Æ¡A
³o¥÷¸ê®Æ¬O¥Î¨ÓÅý¶}¾÷¥Îªº³B¾÷§Q¥Î¨Ó¦^À³ X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¡C



·í»·ºÝ¥D¾÷¾÷¦¬¨ì»·ºÝ¶}¾÷ªº­n¨D®É¡A inetd ( ³o­Ó daemon ¬O¦b¶ÉÅ¥¦b /etc/services ©Ò¶}ªº Port )±Ò°Ê BootP ³o­Ó³Q /etc/services «ü©wªº daemon ¡C



¦b inetd.conf ³o­Ó³]©wÀÉ¸Ì­±¡A«Ø¥ß©Î¬O¨ú®ø TFTP ¥H¤Î BootP ªº³]©w¦C¡C
tftpd ³o³]©wªº³Ì²×¤@¶µ°Ñ¼Æ¡A¥H¤U¤è³o­Ó³]©w¬°¨Ò¤l¡A¬O¤@­Ó¦s©ñ X ²×ºÝ¾÷»Ý­nªºÀÉ®×©Ò¦s©ñªº¥Ø¿ý¡CÁöµM¦s©ñªº¥Ø¿ý¤£¬O­­©wªº¡A¦ý¬O¬°¤F¦w¥þ¦]¯À¡A¥¦­ÌÀ³¸Ó©ñ¦b¤@­Ó­­¨î¥u¯à¥Ñ tftp ¦s¨úªº¯S®í¸ô®|¡C



/etc/inetd.conf ªº½d¨ÒÀÉ¡G
\begin{verbatim}
# tftp ¥D­n¬O´£¨Ñ¶}¾÷ªºªA°È¡C³\¦hªº¯¸¥x
# °õ¦æ³o­ÓªA°È¥u¬O¬°¤F´£¨Ñ¶}¾÷¡C
tftp   dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.tftpd /usr/X11/lib/X11/ncd/
bootps dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.bootpd
\end{verbatim}




°_©l¤Æ®É¡A BootP ³o­Ó¦b¥D¾÷¤W°õ¦æªº daemon·|¥hÅª¥¦ /etc/bootptab ªº¸ê®Æ®wÀÉ¡C
¨C¤@­Ó X ²×ºÝ¾÷³£¥²¶·¦b³o­Ó³]©wÀÉ¸Ì­±¦s¦³¤@²Õ¸ê®Æ¡C 
¨C¤@µ§¸ê®Æ³Q '¡G' ¦r¤¸©Ò¤À¹j¡C
¨C³¡¥D¾÷ªº¦W¦r³£¬O¨C¤@µ§¸ê®ÆªºÀY¤@­Ó¼Ð°O¡C

¦³¥Îªº bootptab ¼Ð°O¡G

\begin{description}
\item[{\bfseries hd}] \mbox{}

¶}¾÷¥Îªº®a¥Ø¿ý ( ¨Ò¦p /usr/X11/lib/X11/ncd/ )¡C

\item[{\bfseries ip}] \mbox{}

X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªººô¸ô¦ì§} ( ¨Ò¦p 10.0.0.1)¡C



\item[{\bfseries sm}] \mbox{}

¤lºô¸ô¾B¸n ( ¨Ò¦p 255.0.0.0)¡C¦pªG±ýª¾¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î¤lºô¸ô¾B¸n¥H¤Î¨ä¥Lªº IP ºô¸ô­ì«h¡A
½Ð°Ñ¾\ Linux NET-3 (networking) HOWTO document¡C



\item[{\bfseries gw}] \mbox{}

¹h¹Dªº IP ¦ì¸m ( ¨Ò¦p 10.0.0.1)¡C

\item[{\bfseries ht}] \mbox{}

µwÅé¸Ë¸mÃþ«¬ - ¦b³o­Ó¨Ò¤l¤¤¬O Ethernet¡C

\item[{\bfseries ha}] \mbox{}

X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªºµwÅé¦ì¸m ( 6 ­Ó¦ì¤¸²Õªºªí¥Üªº¤A¤Óºô¸ô¥d¸¹ )

¨Ì¾Ú bootptab ªº UNIX »¡©ú¡A'ht' ¼Ð°O¥²¶·¤ñ 'ha' ¼Ð°O¦b«e­±¡C
X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¤A¤Óºô¸ô¥d¸¹·|¦b²×ºÝ¾÷²Ä¤@¦¸±µ¤W¹q·½®ÉÅã¥Ü¡C
³o­Ó¦ì¸m¦³ÂI¹³¬O¤»²Õ³Q¤À¸¹¤À¶}ªº¨â¦ì¼Æªº¤Q¤»¶i¦ì²Å¸¹
©Òªí¹F ( ¨Ò¦p 00:00:A7:12:26:19 )¡C



\item[{\bfseries tc}] \mbox{}

ªí®æ¤ºªº¸ê®ÆÄ~Äò¤U¥h¡C



\item[{\bfseries ds}] \mbox{}

¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹ªº IP ¦ì§} ( ¨Ò¦p 10.0.0.3 )¡C
¦pªG¤£¥Î¸ÑªR¹q¸£ªº¦WºÙ¡A³o¤@­Ó¶µ¥Ø¬O¤£»Ý­nªº¡C



\item[{\bfseries bf}] \mbox{}

X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¶}¾÷ÀÉ®× ( ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¦WºÙ±`±`¥Î°µ¬°ÀÉ®×¦WºÙ¡A¨Ò¦p Xncd19r)¡C

\end{description}




 ±µ¤U¨Ó¦Cªº¬O¤@­Ó BootP ¦øªA¾¹¸ê®Æ®wÀÉ®×ªº/etc/bootptab ¨Ò¤l¡C
'$\backslash$'³o­Ó¦r¤¸¬O¥Î§@´«¦æªº¦r¤¸¡C

\begin{verbatim}
# ³o¬O¤@µ§¸ê®Æ ( ¥¦µ¹©w¤@¨Ç¹w³]ªº³]©w¸ê°T )
# «ü©w©Ò¦³ BootP «È¤áºÝªº¦@¦P¸ê°T
default:hd=/usr/X11/lib/X11/ncd/:\
        ds=10.0.0.3:\
        sm=255.0.0.0:\
        gw=10.0.0.1:

# ³oµ§ X ²×ºÝ¸ê®Æªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¬° myxterm
# ª`·N¡A tc ³o­Ó¼Ð°O¬O°Ñ¾\¹w³]ªº¸ê®Æ
myxterm:ht=ethernet:\
        ha=0x0000a7122619:\
        ip=10.0.0.2:\
        tc=default:\
        bf=Xncd19r:
\end{verbatim}




·í¤@­Ó²Å¦X bootptab ¸ê®Æ®wªº¶}¾÷­n¨D³Q°»´ú¨ì®É
bootpd ·|±q¸ê®Æ®w¤¤§ä¨ì¬Û²Åªº¸ê°T¡A
¨Ã°e¥X¤@­Ó²Å¦X³o­ÓµwÅé¥d¸¹ªº IP ¦ì§}¡C
ÀÉ®×ÂÇ¥Ñ TFTP ³z¹L IP ¨ó©w¶Ç°e¥X¥h¡C

X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¯à³Q¦s©ñ©ó¶}¾÷¥D¾÷ªº /etc/hosts ³o­ÓÀÉ®×¸Ìªº¬Y¤@µ§¸ê®Æ¨M©w¡C
³o­ÓÀÉ®×¥Î¨Ó¸ÑªR¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¹ïÀ³©ó IP ¦ì¸mªºÃö«Y¡C
¦b³o­Ó½d¨Ò¤¤¡A X ²×ºÝ¾÷ ( IP ¦ì§}¬° 10.0.0.2) ³Q¤À°t¦¨ myxterm ¡C

\begin{verbatim}
10.0.0.1        linuxhost       # ¶}¾÷¥Îªº¥D¾÷
10.0.0.2        myxterm         # X ²×ºÝ¾÷
\end{verbatim}





\section{³]©w NCD X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¶}¾÷µ{§Ç}

¹q·½¥´¶}¥H«á¡A X ²×ºÝ¾÷¸ÕµÛ¥h¶}¾÷¡C
³o­Ó¨BÆJ¬O±N X ªº¬ÛÃö³nÅé¸ü¤J¨ì°O¾ÐÅé¤§¤¤¨Ã°õ¦æ¤§¡C
¦pªG X ²×ºÝ¾÷¤£¯à¶}¾÷¡A¨º»ò¶}¾÷ºÞ²zµ{¦¡ªº´£¥Ü²Å¸¹ '{$>$}' ±N·|¥X²{¡C
³o­Ó¶}¾÷ºÊµø³nÅé¬O¤@ºØ¦s¦b©ó²×ºÝ¾÷¸Ì­±ªº PROMs (programmable read-only memory) ªº¶´Åé¡C°ò¥»ªº¶}¾÷ºÊ±±³nÅé¤¶­±¡A¥¦¥i¯à¬O³]©w²×ºÝ¾÷¦p¦ó¶}¾÷¥H¤Î
¦Û¥D¾÷Àò¨ú X server ªº³nÅé¡C
¨Ï¥Î '?' ¥HÀò¨ú¶}¾÷ºÊ±±µ{¦¡ªº«ü¥O¨ó§U¡C



§Q¥Î¦s¦b NVRAM (Non-volatile Random-Access Memory) ªº¶}¾÷ºÊ±±µ{¦¡³]©w°Ñ¼Æ
¨Ã¥B¦bÃö¾÷®É«O¯d³]©w­È¡C



¦b¶}¾÷ºÊ±±µ{¦¡¤¤¡A'bt' ³o­Ó«ü¥O©Î¬O¤@­Ó¨t²Î¿ï³æ¯à°÷¥Î¨Ó°_©l²×ºÝ¾÷¡C
°ò¥»¦Ó½×¡A¨âªÌ³£´£¨Ñ¦P¼Ëªº¯à¤O¡A¦ý¬O¿ï³æ¯à´£¨Ñ§ó¦hªº¿ï¶µ³]©w¡C




\subsection{¶}¾÷ºÊ±±µ{¦¡ªº©R¥O¤åªk}

{\ttfamily {$>$}bt file terminal\_IP host\_IP gateway\_IP subnet\_mask}



\begin{description}
\item[{\bfseries file}] \mbox{}

³o­Ó¦WºÙ¬O±ý¦Û»·ºÝ¥D¾÷­n¨DªºÀÉ®×¦WºÙ¡A¥¦¥]§t¤F
³Q X ²×ºÝ¾÷¶}¾÷¨Ï¥Îªº X server ªº³nÅé (¨Ò¦p¡G' Xncd19r ' ) ¡C
½T©w³o­ÓÀÉ®×¦WºÙ²Å¦XÀx¦s©ó bootptab ÀÉ®× ( §Ú­Ì¤§«e´£¹L¥¦ ) ¤¤ X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¸ê°T¡C



\item[{\bfseries terminal\_IP}] \mbox{}

³o­Ó IP ¦ì§}¬O«ü©wµ¹ X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº ( ¨Ò¦p 10.0.0.2 )¡C
¦P¼Ëªº¡A³o²Õ²Õ¾÷°V¤]­n©M bootptab ÀÉ®×¤¤ X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¸ê°T¬Û¦P¡C



\item[{\bfseries host\_IP}] \mbox{}

³o­Ó IP ¦ì§}¬O«ü©wµ¹¶}¾÷¥D¾÷ªº ( ¨Ò¦p 10.0.0.1)¡C



\item[{\bfseries gateway}] \mbox{}

³o­Ó IP ¦ì§}¬O«ü©wµ¹¹h¹Dªº  ( ¨Ò¦p  10.0.0.1)¡C



\item[{\bfseries subnet\_mask}] \mbox{}

¤lºô¸ô¾B¸n¡A¥H¤Q¶i¨î©Î¬O¤Q¤»¶i¨îªí¹F (¨Ò¦p 255.0.0.0 ©Î¬O ff000000)¡C

\end{description}





\subsection{¶}¾÷ºÊ±±³nÅé³]©w¿ï³æ}

¨Ï¥Î '³]©wÁä' ©Î¬O¦b©R¥O´£¥Ü²Å¸¹ '{$>$}' «á­±Áä¤J 'se'¡C 

\begin{description}
\item[{\bfseries Get IP Addresses From}] \mbox{}

X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº IP ¦ì§}À³¸Ó³QÀx¦s¥Ñ¶}¾÷ºÊ±±µ{¦¡ªº³]©w¤u¨ãÀx¦s©ó NVRAM ¤¤¡C
¦pªG§A¦³¦b¨Ï¥Î RARP ( reverse ARP ) ¥h±q¿ïºÝªº¥D¾÷¨ú±o IP¡A¨º»ò§A¥i¥H¿ï¾Ü 'Network'¡C



\item[{\bfseries Terminal IP Address}] \mbox{}

³o­Ó IP ¦ì§}¬O«ü©wµ¹ X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº ( ¨Ò¦p 10.0.0.2 )¡C
³o¦p¦P¤W­±©Ò´£¤Îªº 'terminal\_IP'¡C



\item[{\bfseries First Boot Host IP Address}] \mbox{}

³o­Ó IP ¦ì§}¬O«ü©wµ¹¶}¾÷¥D¾÷ªº ( ¨Ò¦p 10.0.0.1 )¡C
³o¦p¦P¤W­±©Ò´£¤Îªº 'host\_IP'¡C



\item[{\bfseries Gateway IP Address}] \mbox{}

³o­Ó IP ¦ì§}¬O«ü©wµ¹¹h¹Dªº¡C
³o¦p¦P¤W­±©Ò´£¤Îªº 'gateway' ¡C



\item[{\bfseries Subnet Mask}] \mbox{}

¤lºô¸ô¾B¸n¡A¥H¤Q¶i¨îªí¹F¡C 
³o¦p¦P¤W­±©Ò´£¤Îªº 'subnet\_mask'¡C



\item[{\bfseries Broadcast IP Address}] \mbox{}

³o­Ó IP ¦ì§}¬O¥Î¨Ó¼s¼½°T®§¦Ü¤lºô¸ôªº ( ¨Ò¦p 10.255.255.255)¡C



\item[{\bfseries Boot File}] \mbox{}

³o­Ó¦WºÙ¬O±ý¦Û»·ºÝ¥D¾÷­n¨DªºÀÉ®×¦WºÙ¡A¥¦¥]§t¤F
³Q X ²×ºÝ¾÷¶}¾÷¨Ï¥Îªº X server ªº³nÅé (¨Ò¦p¡G 'Xncd19r' )¡C
³o¦p¦P¤W­±©Ò´£¤Îªº 'file'¡C



\item[{\bfseries TFTP Boot Directory}] \mbox{}

³o¶µ¸ê®Æ¬O¥D¾÷¦s©ñ¶}¾÷ÀÉ®×ªº¸ô®| ( ¨Ò¦p '/usr/X11/lib/X11/ncd/' ©Î¬O '/tftpboot/' )¡C



\item[{\bfseries Config file}] \mbox{}

X ²×ºÝ¾÷¦b»·ºÝ¥D¾÷¤W³]©wÀÉªº¸ê®Æ¦WºÙ ( ©¹¤U¬Ý )¡C



\item[{\bfseries UNIX Config Directory}] \mbox{}

¥D¾÷¦s©ñ³]©wÀÉªº¸ô®|¦WºÙ
(eg "/usr/X11/lib/X11/ncd/")¡C



\item[{\bfseries TFTP Order, NFS Order, Local Order}] \mbox{}

«ü©wÀu¥ý¨Ï¥Îªº¶}¾÷¥Î¨ó©w¬° '1'¡C
«ü©w¬° TFTP ¬° '1' ·í¶}¾÷®É¨Ï¥Î BootP ¶}¾÷¡C

\end{description}





\subsection{X ²×ºÝ¾÷³]©wÀÉ}

¦b¶}¾÷ªºµ{§Ç¤¤¡AX ²×ºÝ¾÷·|¸Õ¹Ï±q¶}¾÷¥D¾÷¶Ç°e¡A¤U¸üÀÉ®×¨ì¥»ºÝ°õ¦æ¡C
X ²×ºÝ¾÷¶}¾÷¬O§_¦¨¥\¨Ã¤£¤@©w­n¨D³o¨ÇÀÉ®×¡C¦pªGÀÉ®×¨S¦³³Q§ä¨ì¡A²×ºÝ¾÷±N·|¨Ï¥Î¹w³]­È¡C

³]©wÀÉ¦b¶}¾÷®É¶}©l¶Ç°e¡G
\begin{itemize}
\item X ²×ºÝ¾÷³]©wÀÉ ( ¨Ò¦p ncd.conf ) ¬O¥Î¨ÓºûÅ@²×ºÝ¾÷ªº³]©w¡C
\item ¦â±m³]©wÀÉ ( ¨Ò¦p rgb.txt )¡C
\item X Áä½L²Å¸¹ªíªº¸ê®Æ®w ( ¨Ò¦p XKeysymDB )¡C
\item ¦r«¬¥Ø¿ýÀÉ®× ( ¨Ò¦p font.dir, font.alias)¡C
\end{itemize}




¶}¾÷¦¨¥\«á¡AX ²×ºÝ¾÷µøµ¡±N·|¦ñÀH¤@­Ó¥\¯àªí¿ï³æ¥X²{¡C
²×ºÝ¾÷³]©wªºÁä­È¶K¦b³o­Ó²×ºÝ¾÷µøµ¡¤W¡C
³o­Ó²×ºÝ¾÷µøµ¡¦³¤@­Ó 'setup' ¤U©Ô¦¡¿ï³æ¡A
²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¤@¨Ç¯S©Ê¯à¦b¦¹³QÅã¥Ü¡A­×§ï¥H¤ÎÀx¦s¦b³o­Ó¶}¾÷¥Î¥D¾÷ªº³]©wÀÉ¤§¤¤¡A¥H«K±N¨Ó¨Ï¥Î¡C

¦pªG¨Ï¥Î TFTP ¦Û¶}¾÷¥D¾÷¤U¸üÀÉ®×¦Ü X ²×ºÝ¾÷¤W¡A
¨º»ò³o­ÓÀÉ®×ªºÅv­­¥²¶·³]©w¬°¥þ³¡ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¯à¦s¨ú¡C
¬Û¦Pªº¡A¬°¤F¯à¦s©ñ³]©wÀÉ¦Ü¶}¾÷¥D¾÷¡A³o­ÓÀÉ®×¥²¶·¦s¦b¨Ã¥B¥´¶}©Ò¦³ªº±±¨îÅv­­¡C
¦pªG¦w¥þªº TFTP ³Q¨Ï¥Î ( ¦]¬°¦w¥þªº²z¥Ñ³o¬O³Q±j¯P«ØÄ³ªº )¡A
¨º»òÀÉ®×¥u­­©w©ó¬Y¨Ç¯S©wªº¥Ø¿ý¤~¯à³Q¦s¨ú¡C



{\bfseries Note:} ¦pªG²×ºÝ¾÷¥ý«e³Q³]©w¬°¨Ï¥Î¥t¤@³¡¥D¾÷¡A©Î¬O¤£¦Pªº³]©w°Ñ¼Æ¡A¤]³\¥¦¤£¯à¥¿±`¶}¾÷¡C
­«¸m NVRAM ¥H²¾°£³]©w¡AÀ³¸Ó¯à¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡C 



±q¶}¾÷ºÊ±±µ{¦¡­«¸m NVRAM ¥u­nÁä¤J 'nv' ³o¹D©R¥O¡C¦b¤l¿ï³æ¸Ì¿ï¾Ü ' l ' ¸ü¤J¹w³]­È¡C ' s ' ¨ÓÀx¦s¡A 'q'  ¥Î¥HÂ÷¶}¡C 
½T©w¶}¾÷µ{§Ç¦p¤W©Ò´y­z¡C




\subsection{µn¤J¥D¾÷}

¦b X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¤U©Ô¦¡¿ï³æ¤¤¡A¿ï¾Ü 'terminals'
³o¤@¶µ¿ï³æ¡A±µµÛ¿ï¾Ü ' New Telnet... ' ¡C
·í»·ºÝµn¤Jªºµøµ¡¥X²{®É¡A¦bªA°È³o­Ó¶µ¥Ø¸ÌÁä¤Jºô¸ô¥D¾÷ªº IP ¦ì§}¡A¦b¨Ó¿ï¾Ü 'OK'¡C
³o®É¿ïºÝ¥u¾÷ªºµn¤J´£¥ÜÀ³¸Ó·|¥X²{¡C¦bµn¤J¥H«á¡AX ªºµ{¦¡¡A
¥]§tµøµ¡ºÞ²z­û¡A³£¯à¦b³o­Ó»·ºÝµn¤Jªºµøµ¡¤¤³Q°õ¦æ¡C




\section{¦r«¬¥H¤Î X ²×ºÝ¾÷}

X ²×ºÝ¾÷¤@¶}©l¬O¨Ï¥Î¤p«¬¦rªº¡C¦b X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº³]©w¿ï³æÁÙ¦³³]©wÀÉ¸Ì­±
³o¨Ç¦r«¬³£¬O¤º«Ø¥i¨Ñ¨Ï¥Îªº¡C
²×ºÝ¾÷¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î³æ¿W¨Ï¥Î³o¨Ç¦r«¬¡A¦ý¬O§Ú­Ì§Æ±æ¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î§ó¦hªº¦r«¬¡C
¦r«¬¯à³Q¦b X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº³]©w¿ï³æ¤¤¸g¥Ñ«ü©wªº¸ô®|¤¤³Q¨Ï¥Î¡A©Î¬O¨Ï¥Î xset ¨Ó§@³]©w¡C



·í X server ªº³nÅé¦b X ²×ºÝ¾÷¤W°õ¦æ®É¡A§A¯à¨Ï¥Î xset ¨Ó«ü©w¦r«¬¡C

¬d¸ß X server ¡G
\begin{verbatim}
xset -q
\end{verbatim}

±N¦r«¬ªº¸ô®|¥[¤J¡G
\begin{verbatim}
xset +fp <path>
\end{verbatim}

²¾°£¦r«¬¶µ¥Ø¡G
\begin{verbatim}
xset -fp <path>
\end{verbatim}





\subsection{¦r«¬¦øªA¾¹}

³o­Ó¦r«¬¦øªA¾¹¦b¤@³¡ºô¸ô¥D¾÷¤W°õ¦æ¡A¨ä¤u§@¬OÀ°¦£ X ²×ºÝ¾÷ÁÙ¦³¨ä¥L¦bºô¸ô¤Wªº«ÈªAºÝ¨ú±o¦r«¬¡C
¨Ï¥Î¦r«¬¦øªA¾¹¯à°÷Åý X server ªº³nÅé¤¹³\¨Ï¥Î°£¤FÂI°}¦r«¬¥H¥~¥iÅÜ°Êªº¦r«¬¡C
¦b¨ú±oªº¹Lµ{¤¤¡A³o­Ó¦r«¬¦øªA¾¹¯à°÷À° X server ¸ÑÀ£ÁY¡AÁY©ñ¥H¤ÎÂà´«¦r«¬¡A
¨Ã¥B§ó®e©öªºÀ°§U¤@¸sªº X ²×ºÝ¾÷¥H¤Îºô¸ô¤Wªº«ÈªAºÝºÞ²z¦r«¬¡C
¦r«¬¦øªA¾¹ªº³nÅé³Q¥]§t¦b³\¦hªº Linux µo¦æª©¤¤¡A¨Ã¥B¤w³Q¾ã¦X¦b X ³]¸s©Òµo¥¬ªº³nÅé¤¤¡A§A¥i¥H¦Û\nameurl{ftp://ftp.x.org}{ftp.x.org}¨ú±o¡C

­nª`·Nªº¬O¡A¨Ï¥Î¦r«¬¦øªA¾¹¡A¦b X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº³]©wÀÉ©Î¬O³]©w¿ï³æ¤¤¡A
¤@­Ó tcp ªºªA°È­n¥Î¨Ó¨ú¥N¦r«¬¸ô®|¡C

tcp ªA°Èªº®æ¦¡¡G
\begin{verbatim}
tcp/< ¦r«¬¦øªA¾¹ªº IP ¦ì§} >:< ¦r«¬¦øªA¾¹©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº±µ¤f >
\end{verbatim}


¨Ò¤l¡G
\begin{verbatim}
tcp/10.0.0.1:7100
\end{verbatim}




¤@µ§¦s©ñ©ó¶}¾÷¥D¾÷ªº X ²×ºÝ¾÷³]©wÀÉªº¨Ò¤l¡G

\begin{verbatim}
xserver-default-font-path = {
        { "tcp/10.0.0.1:7100" }
        { "built-ins" }
}
\end{verbatim}


¥Ñ xset ªþ¥[¤W tcp °Ñ¼Æ¤]¯à±N¦Û¦æ¦øªA¾¹¥[¤J¸ô®|¤§¤¤¡G

\begin{verbatim}
xset +fp tcp/10.0.0.1:7100
\end{verbatim}




Äµ§i¡G¬Y¨Çª©¥»ªº NCD ³nÅé­n¨D¦Û«¬¦øªA¾¹ªº¸ê°T¬° X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº²Ä¤@¶µ¤º«Ø¦Û«¬¡C
³o¬O©M NCD ©R¦W¬° "System Administrator's Guide for UNIX Systems" ªº¤å¥ó©Ò¬Û¹H­Iªº¡C
¥Î ' xset q ' ³o¹D©R¥O½T©w¦r«¬ªº¸ô®|ªº¶¶§Ç¡C



¦b¦Û«¬¦øªA¾¹³oÃä¡A³o­Ó¦øªA¾¹ªº°_©l¤u§@¬O rc.local ³o­Ó±Ò°Ê©R¥O½Z¤¤¡C
( Ä¶µù¡G²{¦b¤j¦h¼Æªºµo¦æª©¥»³£¥]§t³o­Ó¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹¡A¨Ã¾Ö¦³¦Û¤vªº±Ò°Ê©R¥O½Z¡A¨ä¦WºÙ¬° xfs )
¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹¥H¤U¦Cªº©R¥O¶}©l¤u§@¡G

\begin{verbatim}
xfs -config < ³]©wÀÉ¸ô®| > -port < ¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹±µ¤f >
\end{verbatim}


¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹ªº±µ¤f¬° 7100¡C

¨Ò¤l¡G

\begin{verbatim}
xfs -config /usr/X11/lib/X11/fs/config -port 7100
\end{verbatim}




¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹ªº³]©wÀÉ¨Ò¤l¡G

\begin{verbatim}
   # ¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹ªº³]©wÀÉ

   # ¤¹©Ò³Ì¦h 10 ­Ó«È¤áºÝ³s±µ¦Ü¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹
   client-limit = 10

   # ·í¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹«È¤áºÝªº­t¸ü¹F¥¦ªº·¥­­®É¡A±N±Ò°Ê¥t¤@­Ó¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹¡C
   clone-self = on

   # §Q¥Î UNIX ªº syslog ¬ö¿ý¿ù»~ªº°T®§¡C
   use-syslog = on

   # ¥i¥Î¦r«¬ªº¥Ø¿ý
   catalogue = /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/,
      /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/,
      /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/,
      /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/,
      /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/

   # ¦pªG syslog ¨S¦³³Q¨Ï¥Î¡A©Ò­n¦s©ñªº¿ù»~°T®§¦ì¸m
   error-file = /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fs/fs-errors

   # ¹w³]ªº¦r«¬¤j¤p¬° 12 pt
   default-point-size = 120

   # 100 x 100 ¥H¤Î 75 x 75
   default-resolutions = 75,75,100,100
\end{verbatim}





\section{¨ä¥L¹sº¾ªº¨Æ}


\subsection{³Q¤ä´©²×ºÝ¾÷}

§Ú¦b¨Æ«e»¡¹L³o¥÷¤å¥ó¬O°w¹ï¤U¦Cªº²×ºÝ¾÷©Ò·Ç³Æªº¡G {\bfseries NCD 19r, NCD 19c, NCD19m?, NCD 15b, NCD MCX}




\subsection{°Ñ¦Ò}

Unix ªº¤â¥U¡G
bootpd(8), tftpd(8), bootptab(5), xdm(1x), xfs(1), fsinfo(1), xset(1), 
inetd(8)

Linux Ethernet HOWTO document,
Linux Net-3 (Networking) HOWTO document



NCDware System Administrator's Guide for UNIX Systems (print version)

\nameurl{ftp://ftp.ncd.com/pub/ncd/Archive/NCD-Articles/index.html}{NCD Techtips Archive}

§A²{¦b¤]¥i¥H¤U¸ü NCD ªº§Þ³N¸ê°T¡A±q 
\nameurl{ftp://ftp.ncd.com/pub/ncd/Archive/Documentation/NCDware/index.html}{NCDware Reference Manual} ¡C³o¥÷¸ê®Æ´X¥G¥]§t©Ò¦³ªº²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¸ê°T¡C

\nameurl{http://www.ncd.com/support/kbsearch/kbase.html}{NCD knowledge base} ³o­Ó¦ì¸m¦³¤@¨Ç±`³Q°Ý¨ìªº°ÝÃD¥H¤Î¯äÂÎªº¦^³ø¡C



ª`·N¡A¤W­±ªº³sµ²¤]³\·|§ó§ï¥¦ªº¦ì§}¡C¦]¬°·í³o¥÷ mini-HOWTO ²Ä¤@ª©³QÄÀ¥X®É¡A
NCDªººô­¶¤w¸g¤j´T«×ªº§ïª©¹L¤F¡C




\subsection{³o¥÷¤å¥ó©Ò·Ç³Æªº¸Ë¸m}

X ²×ºÝ¾÷¡G NCD ªº²£«~«¬¸¹¬° NCD19r ¡A¥H¤Î 19 ¦T³æ¦â¿Ã¹õ¯à¦b 1280x1024 ¤U°õ¦æ¡A°t¦³ 8M RAM

X server ³nÅé¡G NCDware V3.2.CV 19r\_s

¿ïºÝ¥D¾÷¡G BM Cyrix 686 P150 ¥H Slackware ¦b¹B¦æ 
(Linux ®Ö¤ßª©¥» 2.0.31)

¿ïºÝ¥D¾÷¡G IBM Cyrix M2 200 MMX ·f°t Red Hat 5.0
(Linux ®Ö¤ßª©¥» 2.0.32)

ºô¸ô¥d¡G10 base T Ethernet card (ne 2000 clone) and 8 port hub

¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹²Ä¤G­Óª©¥»¡AÄÀ¥X¸¹½X 6300 ¡C




\subsection{·PÁÂ}

§Ú«Ü·PÁÂ Michael de Lind van Wijngaarden ¡A Jamal Hadi-Salim ÁÙ¦³
¨ó§U·Ç³Æ³o¥÷¤å¥óªº Dwight Hodge¡C


\subsection{ÃD¥~ªº°ÝÃD}

\begin{itemize}
\item ¦³¥i¯à¥H inetd ªº¤è¦¡±Ò¥Î¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹¶Ü¡H
\item ¦pªG°õ¦æ¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹ªº»·ºÝªº¥D¾÷Ãö¾÷«á¤S¦A±Ò°Ê¡A¨Ã±N¦r§Î¦øªA¾¹±Ò°Ê¡A
X ²×ºÝ¾÷±N¤£¯à¥¿±`ªº¨ú¦^¦r§Î¡C§A¥²¶·±q¿ï³æ¤¤©Î¬O¨Ï¥Î xset ­«³]¦r§Î¸ô®|¡C
¬°¤°»ò¡H
\item ¨ä¥L«¬¸¹ªº X ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº³B²zµ{§Ç¬O§_Ãþ¦ü¡H
\item X ²×ºÝ¾÷§Q¥Î NFS ( Network File System ) ©Î¬O RARP ( Reverse Address Resolution Protocol ) ªº±Ò°Êµ{§Ç¤S¬O«ç¼Ë¡H
\item X ²×ºÝ¾÷Åã¥Ü¤U¦C°T®§¡C
§ÚÃhºÃ¥¦­Ì¨Ó¦Û¤@­Ó¤£ÄÝ©ó X ²×ºÝ¾÷ xfree86 ªº X ©µ¦ù
¦³¨S¦³¤H¯à»¡©ú¡H
\begin{verbatim}
%XSERVER-I-NEWCLIENT, host "localhost" connected with blank authorization
%XSERVER-W-NOEXTENSION, client attempted to use non-existent extension "BIG-REQUESTS"
%XSERVER-W-NOEXTENSION, client attempted to use non-existent extension "XKEYBOARD"
%XSERVER-W-NOEXTENSION, client attempted to use non-existent extension "XFree86-Misc"
\end{verbatim}

\item Linux ¯à°÷²¾´Ó¨ì X ²×ºÝ¾÷¤W­±¶Ü¡H³oºâ¬O¤@­Ó¯º¸Ü°ÝÃD¡ALinux¤w¸g¯à¦b³\¦h¤£¦Pªº¥­¥x¤W¶]¤F¡C
\end{itemize}





\subsection{¦^õX}

½Ð¼g«H¦Ü {\ttfamily ian} ¦b {\ttfamily permedia.ca} 
¡A¥i¥H´£¨Ñ¥ô¦ó«ØÄ³¡A°ÝÃD¡A§ó¥¿¡A©Î¬O°^Äm¡C
«Ü·PÁÂ©Ò¦³¦^õX©ó§Ú¥H¤Î´£¨ÑÃB¥~¸ê°TªºªB¤Í¡C



\end{document}
