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\title{The Linux Distribution HOWTO  ÖÐÒë°æ}
\author{×÷Õß:Eric S. Raymond $<$esr@thyrsus.com$>$ \\ 
        ÒëÕß:ÎâÎÄÕþ{\ttfamily \onlynameurl{wjwu@ms8.hinet.net}}}
\date{ v6.3, 8 May 1999.             ·­ÒëÍê³ÉÈÕÆÚ: 12 Aug 1999}
\abstract{±¾ÎÄ¼þÊÇÔ¤¼ÆÓÃÀ´°ïÖúÒ»¸öÐÂµÄ user ÈçºÎÑ¡ÔñÒ»ÖÖºÏÊÊµÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ, ²¢ÇÒÒ²°ïÖúÒ»¸ö¸»ÓÐ¾­ÑéµÄ user ÈçºÎÕÆÎÕ²¢ÁË½â Linux µÄÊÐ³¡ÏÖ¿ö. ±¾ÎÄ¼þ²»Ïë¶ÔËùÓÐµçÄÔÆ½Ì¨ÉÏÔË×÷µÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ×÷Ò»·ÝÍêÕûµÄÁÐ±í, Ïà¶ÔµÄÖ»ÊÇÖøÑÛì¶ÈçºÎ´Ó CD-ROM ¹âµúÆ¬ÉÏÈ¡µÃ¿ÉÔÚ Intel Æ½Ì¨ÉÏÊ¹ÓÃµÄÖ÷ÒªÓ¢ÎÄÓïÏµ(English-language) Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ, ²¢½å´Ë°ïÖú³õÑ§ÕßÈçºÎ½øÈë Linux Ö®ÃÅ.}


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\section{¼ò½é}

\begin{description}
\item[ÒëÕßµÄ»°:] \mbox{}

Linux µÄÊÀ½çÕæµÄÊÇ³äÂú³¯ÆøºÍ»îÁ¦, Æä·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¼°ÈíÌå½ÔÅî²ªµØ·¢Õ¹²¢¿ìËÙµØ¸üÐÂ. ÎÄÖÐ×÷Õß×¨¾Í³£¼ûµÄÓ¢ÎÄ°æ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¼ÓÒÔ½éÉÜÖ®, Î¨Æä×ÊÁÏÒÑÉÔÏÓ¹ýÊ±, ´ËÉÐ´ýÔ­×÷ÕßÔÚ±¾ÎÄ¼þ¸üÐÂ°æÃæÊÀÊ±¼ÓÒÔ²¹³ä¼°ÐÞ¶©. »ùì¶Õâ¸öÔ­ÒòÔÙ¼ÓÉÏ Linux ÖÐÎÄ»¯µÄÏà¹Ø¼Æ»®, ÎÒÔÚ´ËÖÐÒë°æÄÚ»á¾ÍÏÖ¿ö¼ÓÒÔÊÊµ±µÄÑ¶Ï¢²¹³ä, ÆÚÒÔ½ÏÐÂµÄ×ÊÑ¶·Ö÷ÏÖîÎ»¶ÁÕß, ÆóÍû´ó¼ÒÄÜ²»ÁßÀ´ÐÅÖ¸½Ì, Ð»Ð»!

ÒÔÏÂ²¢ÁÐ³ö±¾ÎÄÖÐÒëÊ±µÄ¼ÍÒª:
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\item  Ô­×÷ÕßÓÃÁËºÜ¶àµÄ¸´ºÏ×Ö, ÎÒÔÚÎÄÖÐ»áÖÐÓ¢²¢ÁÐÖ®, ¸÷Î»¶ÁÕßÈçÓÐ¸ü¼ÑµÄÒëÃû»ò¿´·¨ÇëÀ´ÐÅ¸æÖªÎÒ, ½«²»Ê¤¸Ð¼¤!
\item  Ô­ÎÄÈçÓÐÓïÒâÎÒ²»Çå³þµÄ, ÎÒÇ¬´à¾Í²»¼ÓÒÔÒë³ö, Í¬ÑùµÄÒ²Çë´ó¼ÒÀ´ÐÅÖ¸µ¼. ÁíÍâÎÒÒ²¸üÐÂÁË×÷ÕßÒ»Ð©ÍøÖ·µÄÁ¬½á¼°ÐÞÕýÆ´´íµÄµ¥×Ö.
\item  ÒÔÉÏÁ½µãÇéÐÎÎÒ½«Â½ÐøºÍÔ­×÷ÕßÁ¬Ïµ, Èç½ÏÍê±¸Ê±ÎÒ»áÔÙÍÆ³öÐÞÕýµÄ°æ±¾.
\item  ¶Ô¸÷Ì×¼þµÄ×ÊÑ¶²¹³äÎÒ»áÒÔ "Ôö²¹Ñ¶Ï¢" µÄ×ÖÑùÁÐÔÚ¸÷Ì×¼þ½âËµµÄááÃæ, ÒÔÀû¶ÁÕßÒ×ì¶¶ÁÈ¡¼°²»Ó°ÏìÔ­ÎÄ°æÃæµÄ½á¹¹ºÍÃÀ¹Û.
\item  ¸ÐÐ»·­Òë¹ý³ÌÖÐ¸øÎÒÐ­ÖúµÄÈÎºÎÈË, ÔÚ´Ë±íÊ¾³ÏÖ¿µÄÐ»Òâ!
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\begin{description}
{\bfseries ÕýÎÄ:} \\ 
Ã»ÓÐÒ»ÖÖÖ»ÒÔµ¥Ò»·½Ê½·¢ÐÐÉ¢²¼µÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ. »»¾ä»°Ëµ, ÓÐºÜ¶àÏñÕâÑù¼È¿É¾­ÓÉÄäÃûµÄ FTP Õ¾Ì¨ÏÂÔØÒ²¿É½åÓÉÓÊ¹º¹âµúµÄ·½Ê½À´È¡µÃµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ.

Õâ·ÝÎÄ¼þµÄÄ¿µØÊÇÓÃÀ´¶ÔÒÔ¹âµú·½Ê½´æÔÚµÄÓ¢ÎÄÓïÏµ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÌá¹©Ò»¸ö¼ò¶ÌµÄÕªÒªËµÃ÷, ²¢ÇÒÒ²Ìá¹©¶ÁÕßÈçºÎÑ°ÕÒ¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶µÄÖ¸Òý. ÔÚ´ËÖ®Ç°ÓÐÒ»·ÝÓÉ Marco Budde Î¬»¤µÄµÂÎÄ Distribution HOWTO, µ«ÏÖÔÚËÆºõÒÑ¾­ÏûÊ§²»¼ûÁË. ÎÒÃÇ²»ÖªµÀ³ýÁËÓ¢ÎÄ¼°µÂÎÄÓïÏµÖ®Íâ»¹ÓÐÆäËüÓïÏµµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¹«Öîì¶ÊÀ.

ÕâÀïËù³ÊÏÖ³öÀ´µÄ×ÊÑ¶²»ÄÜËµÊÇºÜÍêÕû; ÒòÎª³ýÁËÕâÀïËùÁÐ¾Ù³öÀ´µÄÒÔÍâ»¹ÓÐÆäËüµÄ Linux Ì×¼þ. ËäËµ»ùì¶¿ª·ÅÐÔÔ­Ê¼Âë (open source software) µÄ±¾ÖÊ, ÈÎºÎÈË¿ÉÔÚËûÃÇµÄ°²×°¹ý³ÌÖÐ×÷ÈÎºÎµÄ¸Ä±ä²¢ÒÔÆäËü·½Ê½¼Ü¹¹ËüÊ¹Æä³ÉÎª `ÁíÒ»ÖÖ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ(a distribution)'. Èç¹ûÒ»·ÝÎÄ¼þÏñÕâÑùÊ±±ØÐëÕÒ¸öµØ·½¼ÓÒÔ±êÊ¾³öÀ´. ÎÒÒ²±êÊ¾ËüÎª `available on CD'. µ«Õâ¾ø²»ÊÇÓÃÀ´×÷Îª Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þµÄ¶¨ÒåµÄ. ÓÐÎªÊýÖÚ¶àµÄÐ¡ÐÍ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¿ÉÌá¹©Ò»Ð©¶«¶«µ«´óÐÍµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÃÇ¾Í²»»áÕâÑù×ö, Òò´ËÓÐ²»ÉÙËü±¾ÉíÊÇºÁÎÞ¿ÉÈ¡Ö®´¦µÄ.

ÕâÀïËù³ÊÏÖ³öÀ´µÄ×ÊÑ¶²»ÄÜËµÊÇºÜÍêÕû; ³ýÁËÕâÀïËùÁÐ¾Ù³öÀ´µÄÒÔÍâ»¹ÓÐÆäËüµÄ Linux Ì×¼þ. ¼ÙÈçÄúÓÐÁªÏëµ½Ä³ÖÖ CD-ROM °æ±¾µÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÇÒÊÇÕâÀïËùÃ»ÓÐµÄ, Çë¿´½Ó½ü \ref{submissions} {(¶Ô±¾ÎÄ¼þµÄÌá°¸)} Õâ½ÚµÄÎ²¶ËÒÔ»ñµÃÌá³öÌá°¸Ê±Ïà¹ØµÄ×ÊÑ¶. ËüÊÇ¼òµ¥Ò×ÐÐÇÒ½«ÓÃ²»µ½Îå·ÖÖÓ¾Í¿ÉÍê³ÉµÄ.

ÄúÒ²¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÏÂÁÐµØ·½È¡µÃ¸ü¶àÍêÕûµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÁÐ±í(ËäÈ»ËüÃÇÃ¿Ò»¸öµÄ×ÊÑ¶²»¼ûµÃºÜ·á¸»).
\nameurl{http://www.linuxhq.com/dist-index.html}{Linux HQ Distributions List}.

{\bfseries ÔðÈÎÐû¸æ:} ÎÒÃÇ {\itshape ÎÞ·¨\/} ¾ø¶ÔµØ±£Ö¤ÔÚÕâ·ÝÎÄ¼þÉÏµÄÒ»Ð©×ÊÑ¶, ¼Û¸ñºÍ¶©¹ºÏ¸½ÚÉÏÈ«È»ÎÞÎó. ËùÒÔÄú¿ÉÏÈºË¶ÔËüÃÇÃ¿Ò»¸öµÄ×îáá±ä¶¯¡õÎ§ÒÔ»ñµÃËüÏÖÓÐµÄÒ»Ð©¼Æ»®, È»ááµãÑ¡µ½··ÊÛÕßµÄÍøÒ³È¡µÃ×îÐÂµÄ×ÊÑ¶. ÔÙÕß, ³ý·ÇÁíÓÐÆäËüµÄÉùÃ÷, Linux ÈíÌå¹«Ë¾ {\itshape ²»×÷ÈÎºÎµÄ±£Ö¤\/}.

±¾ÎÄµÄ±à¼­ÊÔÖø°ÑÏÖ¿ö×÷³É±¾·Ý HOWTO µÄ´ó²¿·ÝÄÚÈÝ, µ«ÊÇËûÒ²Ð´ÈëÒ»Ð©Ëû¶ÔÏÖÓÐµÄ Linux ÊÐ³¡×´¿öµÄÏà¹ØÒâ¼û. ¼ÙÈçÄú¹ØÐÄËüÃÇµ½µ×ÊÇÄÄÐ©µÄ»°, Äú¿ÉÒÔÔÚ \ref{opinions} {(±à¼­µÄÖÒ¸æ)} Ð¡½ÚÀï¶ÁÈ¡µ½ÕâÐ©Ñ¶Ï¢.

{\bfseries ÉùÃ÷:} ÎÒ (esr) Ã»ÓÐºÍÈÎºÎµÄ Linux ··ÊÛÕßÓÐ²ÆÎïÉÏµÄÍùÀ´, ³ýÁËÎªÈË×«Ð´ÆÀÂÛ»ñµÃÃâ·ÑµÄÎïÆ·Íâ(ºÍÒ»¼þÓÉ Red Hat ¹«Ë¾ÔùËÍµÄ T-shirt), Ò²Ã»ÓÐ½ÓÊÜÈÎºÎÒ»¼Ò··ÊÛÕßµÄ±¨³ê»ò½òÌù.

\end{description}



\subsection{±¾ÎÄ¼þµÄ×îÐÂ°æ±¾}

±¾ÎÄ½«ÕÅÌùÔÚ {\ttfamily comp.os.linux.answers} Õâ¸öÍøÂ·Èº×éÉÏÃæ²¢Ã¿ÔÂ¸üÐÂÒ»´Î. ±¾ÎÄÒ²ÔÚÒ»Ð© Linux FTP Õ¾Ì¨±»ÊÕ¼¯ÕûÀí´æµµ, °üÀ¨ {\ttfamily metalab.unc.edu} Õ¾Ì¨ÀïÃæµÄ {\ttfamily pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO}.

ÄúÍ¬ÑùÒ²¿É¾­ÓÉÈ«Çò×ÊÑ¶ÍøµÄÏÂÃæÕâ¸öÍøÖ·²é¿´µ½Õâ·Ý HOWTO ×îÐÂµÄ°æ±¾. \\ 
\nameurl{http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Distribution-HOWTO.html}{}.

¼ÙÈçÄú¶ÔÕâ·Ý HOWTO ÓÐÈÎºÎÎÊÌâ»òÅúÆÀ½Ô¿ÉËæÊ±µÄÐ´ÐÅ¸øÎÒ (Eric S. Raymond), {\ttfamily esr@snark.thyrsus.com}.  µ«³ý·ÇÄúÀÖÒâ¸¶ÎÒ¹ËÎÊ·ÑÓÃÍâÇë {\itshape ²»Òª\/}ÎªÁËÈçºÎÑ¡ÔñÒ»¸öºÏÊÊÌ×¼þµÄÎÊÌâ¼Ä¸øÎÒÒ»Ð©Ò»°ãÐÔµÄÎÊÌâ»ò°ïÖúµÄÇëÇó. ÎÒÃ»ÓÐÊ±¼äÀ´´¦ÀíÕâÐ©ÎÊÌâ, Òò´ËÎÒ¾¡ÎÒËùÖªµÄ°ÑÈçºÎÑ¡Ôñ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÏà¹ØµÄÈÎºÎÊÂÇé·ÅÔÚ±¾ÎÄÖÐ¹©´ó¼Ò²Î¿¼.




\subsection{×î½üµÄ±ä¶¯ÊÂÏî}

Yggdrasil Plug-And-Play and Craftworks Linux ËÆºõ²»ÔÙÏúÊÛÒ²ÒÑÍ£Òµ. DOSLINUX Ò²ÒòÎªËüµÄ×¨ÒµÐÔÖÊ¶øÍ¬ÑùÍ£Ö¹ÓªÒµ.




\subsection{Linux ÊÐ³¡¸Å¹Û}

ÔÚÔçÆÚµÄÄê´ú(´ó¸ÅÊÇÎ÷Ôª 1993 Äê°É), Äú´ÓÍøÂ·ÏÂÔØÒ»¸ö Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þµ½ÈíµúÆ¬ÉÏÊÇÒ»¼þºÜÖØ´óµÄÊÂ. ÓÉì¶µ±Ê±Ã»ÓÐºÜ·½±ãµÄ´¢´æÃ½Ìåµ¼ÖÂÔÚÕû¸ö°²×°µÄ¹ý³ÌÖÐ±äµÃºÜ³ÔÁ¦¼°Ê§°ÜµÄ·´¸²·¢Éú¶¼ÊÇºÜ³£¼ûµÄ.

ááÀ´ CD-ROM ¹âµú»ú¼° CD ¹âµúÆ¬±äµÃÔ½À´Ô½±ãÒË, Ò»ÖÖÊÊºÏ´«ËÍ´óÁ¿ÈíÌå¼°×÷ÒµÏµÍ³µÄÀíÏë´¢´æÃ½Ìå±äµÃ¸üÎªÎïÃÀ¼ÛÁ®. Ò»¸ö½¡È«Ð¡ÐÍÆóÒµÄ£Ê½µÄÈíÌå¹¤ÒµÕýÔÚÉÌÒµ  Linux CD-ROM ¹âµúÊÐ³¡ÖÐ½¨ÔìÁËÆðÀ´, ËûÃÇ²¢ÇÒÖð½¥µØÖ÷µ¼ Linux µÄÎèÌ¨(ÒòÎªÕâÐ©··ÊÛÕßÓÐÊµÖÊµÄ½ðÇ®¿ÉÒÔ×÷ÎªÊÐ³¡ÐÐÏú¼°·þÎñÖ§Ô®µÄ×Ê½ð). Debian ÊÇÏÖÔÚÎ¨Ò»½öÓÐÉî¸»ÒâÒåµÄ·ÇÉÌÒµÐÔ°æ±¾µÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ, ÉõÖÁËüÍ¸¹ý shovelware ¹âµúËÆºõ¸ü¼Ó¹ã·ºµØ´«²¥ÍÆ¹ã¿ªÀ´ÁË.

ÏÖÔÚ¾ø´ó²¿·ÝÒÔ¹âµúÐÍÊ½·¢ÐÐµÄÌ×¼þ(°üÀ¨ Slackware, Yggdrasil and Red Hat) ÈÔÈ»¿É´ÓÕâÐ©¹«Ë¾·¢Õ¹²¿ÃÅµÄ×Ô¼ÒÕ¾Ì¨ÒÔ FTP µÄ·½Ê½È¡µÃÏàÍ¬µÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ. µ«¼ÙÈçÄúÓÐ¹âµú¶ÁÈ¡×°ÖÃÇÒ¾­¼ÃÄÜÁ¦Ò²²»´íµÄ»°, Äú½«¶ÔÕâÐ©Ì×¼þ¼°¼¼ÊõÖ§Ô®ÓÐ¸ü´óµÄÑ¡Ôñ¿Õ¼ä(²¢ÇÒÄúÒ²¿É¾­³£ÐÔµÄÈ¡µÃÒ»Ð©ÓÐÓÃµÄ×ÊÑ¶ÎÄ¼þ). Äú¿É´ÓÕâ¸öÍøÖ· \\ 
\nameurl{http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO.html}{} Ñ°ÕÒÕâ·ÝÎÄ¼þ the Linux Installation HOWTO ÒÔµÃµ½¸ü¶àÓÐ¹Ø°²×°µÄÏêÏ¸ËµÃ÷.

¿ÉÔÚ Intel Æ½Ì¨ÉÏÖ´ÐÐµÄ Linux ¹âµú°æ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÆä¶¨¼ÛÔ¼´Ó \$20 ÃÀÔªÆðÌø, ¶øÆä×î¸ßµÄ×Ü¶îÔ¼Îª \$50 ÃÀÔª×óÓÒ (Áí¼ÓÉÙÐí·ÑÓÃÄú¿ÉÂòµ½¸ü¾ß¼ÛÖµµÄ¶«¶«). ºÜ¶àµÄ··ÊÛÕßÓÐÌá¹©Ô¤Ô¼µÄ½»Ò×·þÎñ, ËüÄÜÔÚÔ¤Ô¼µÄÆÚ¼äÄÚ×÷¶¨ÆÚµÄ¸üÐÂÒÔ½µµÍÄúµÄ CD µ¥Î»³É±¾( cost-per-CD ).

¹¦ÄÜ¼°Æ·ÖÊ¼¸ºõ¿ÉºÍ¼Û¸ñ¶à¹Ñ¹ØÁªÔÚÒ»Æð(ËùÒÔÏñÔÚÒ»¸ö·Ç³£¾ºÕùÊÐ³¡ÏÂµÄ²úÆ·½«ÊÇÖÚÈËËùÆÚ´ýµÄ). ×÷Õß½¨ÒéÄú¶àÖ§¸¶ÉÙÐíµÄ½ðÇ®À´¹ºÂò×îÖØÒªµÄ(top-drawer)Ô­°æ CD ¹âµúÌ×¼þ; ÕâÑùÄúÔÚ½â¾ö°²×°¼°¹ÜÀíÕâÐ©Âé·³µÄÊÂ²Å»á±äµÃ±È½ÏÇáËÉÓä¿ì.

ÏÖÔÚ×÷ºÃÒ»¸öÑ¡ÔñÊÇ±ÈÒÔÇ°»¹Òª¼òµ¥µÃ¶àÁË. ÔÚ 1995-1996 Äê¼ä Linux ÊÐ³¡¾­¹ýÒ»³¡ÑÏÀ÷µÄÌÔÌ­ÆÚ, µ±ÄÇÐ©ÌåÖÊ²»¼ÑµÄ¾ºÕùÕßÏûÊ§»òÒ»ØÊ²»ÕñÊ±ÓÐÒ»Ð©ÉÌÒµ°æ·¢ÐÐÕßÕ¹Â¶Í·½Ç³ÉÎªÁìµ¼Õß. ¶øÔÚÒ»°ãÓÃÍ¾·ÇÉÌÒµ°æµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÖ®ÖÐÆäÌÔÌ­ÇéÐÎ¸ü¼ÓµÄ¼¤ÁÒ, »ù±¾ÉÏÀ´Ëµ, Ö»ÓÐ Debian ÔÚÕâ³¡¾ºÕùÖ®ÖÐÉú´æÏÂÀ´.

¾ÍÕû¸ö½áÂÛÀ´Ëµ, ÒÔÇ°Ôø¾­¹æ¡õÁËÊÐ³¡ÂÖÀªµÄÈý½××éÖ¯½á¹¹ (three-tier structure) µÄÔ­Ê¼Ì×¼þ½¨ÔìÕß(primary distribution builders), ¸½¼Ó¼ÛÖµ (value-added) µÄÔÙ°ü×°Õß¼°µÍ¼Û¹©Ó¦(bottom-feeding) CD ¹âµúÆ¬µÄ shoveller ×î½ü¼¸ºõÒÑ¾­Ò»ØÊ²»ÕñÁË. Èç¹ûÏëÔÚ 1997 ÄêÊ¹×Ô¼º¾ßÓÐ¾ºÕùÁ¦, ÄÇ¾ÍÒªÔÚ Linux µÄÅä±¸ÖÐ(ÎÞÂÛÊÇ·ñÎªÉÌÒµ°æ»òÊÇ·ÇÉÌÒµ°æ), ±ØÐëÒªÏñÒ»¸öÖ÷Á÷µÄÌ×¼þ½¨Á¢ÕßÌá¹©ºÏÀí¡õÎ§ÄÚµÄÖ§Ô®ºÍ±íÏÖ, ²»ÂÛËüÊÇ·ñÕæµÄ¿ÉÐÐ. ËùÒÔÖ»ÒªÄúÆÚ´ýÒ»¸ö×î½üµÄ°æ±¾·¢±íÈÕÆÚ, ÄÇ÷áÄ¿Ç°Ò²²»»áÒò²»µÃ²»Ê¹ÓÃÒ»¸ö²»¼ÑµÄÌ×¼þ¶ø¸Ðµ½Ïàµ±µÄÄÑÊÜ.






\subsection{±ÊÕßµÄÖÒ¸æ\label{opinions}}

ÉÏÒ»ÕÂ½ÚÖÐËùÌáµ½µÄ¶¼ÊÇÒ»Ð©ÊÂÊµ¼°ÕæÏà. ¶øÔÚ±¾ÕÂ½ÚÖÐÒª½²µÄÊÇÎÒµÄ¿´·¨(²»¹ÜÎÒµÄÒâ¼ûÊÇ·ñÓÐ¼ÛÖµ -- Çë¼ÇµÃÃâ·ÑÖÒ¸æµÄ¾¯Óï). ¸ù¾ÝÄú¶ÔÕâ·ÝÖ¸µ¼ÊéËùµÃµ½µÄ¾­ÑéÓë×ÊÁÏ¶ø×ö³öÄú×Ô¼ºµÄÆÀ¹À½«ÊÇÎÞ¿ÉÈ¡´úµÄ, ÔÚÕâÀïÎÒ½«¾¡ÎÒËùÄÜµØËµÃ÷ÎÒ¿ÉÄÜµÄÆ«¼û¶ø²»ÊÇÎªÎÄ¸æËßÄúÓ¦¸ÃÒªÔõ÷á×ö.

ÔÚ´Ó 1993 Äêµ½ 1995 ÄêµÄÇïÌì, Yggdrasil Ò»¿ªÊ¼¾ÍÊÇ Linux CD ÒµÖÐµÄÐÐÖÐÇÌ³þ -- »ù±¾ÉÏÀ´Ëµ, Ëü¿ª´´ÁË¹âµú°æÊÐ³¡¹æÄ£ÍâÒ²ÔÚµ±Ê±Îª´ó¼ÒÊúÁ¢ÁË±ê×¼. ÎÒÏ°¹ßì¶Ê¹ÓÃ Yggdrasil, ²¢ÇÒÎÒ½¨ÒéËüÊÇÒòÎªËü´óÁ¿µÄÓÅÖÊÎÄ¼þ³¬Ô½ÁËÉÌÓÃµÄ System V °æ±¾, Æä¹ã·ºÊÕ¼¯µÄÓ¦ÓÃÈíÌå, ºÍ¼Ä·¢Ãâ·Ñ°æ±¾¸ø×ÔÓÉÈíÌåÐ´×÷Õß¼°·îÏ×³öÃ¿Ì×¹âµúÈíÌå²¿·ÝµÄ½ðÇ®×÷Îª×ÔÓÉÈíÌå·¢Õ¹²ÆÕþÉÏÖ§Ô®µÄ¿ªÃ÷²ßÂÔ. µ«ÊÇ Yggdrasil ×Ô´Ó 1995 Äêáá¾ÍÃ»ÓÐÔÙ·¢ÐÐÐÂµÄ°æ±¾²¢±»ÊÐ³¡ËùÒÅÍüÁË.

ÎÒÏÖÔÚÊ¹ÓÃ Red Hat Linux ÏµÍ³²¢ÂúÒâ¼«ÁË. ÏÖÔÚ Red Hat ¹«Ë¾µÄ RPM ¼¼ÊõÕý¸³ÓèËü, IMO, ´Ë¿Æ¼¼ÄÜÁ¦µÄ·æÃ¢³¬Ô½ÁËÆäËüµÄ··ÊÛÕß. ËûÃÇÔÚÊÊµ±µÄÊ±¼äÀïÒÑÍê³ÉÁË´ó²¿·ÝºÏÒËµÄÐÐ¶¯²¢ÇÒÎÒÏàÐÅÕâÐ©½ÔÊ¹Ëü³ÉÎªÏÖÓÐÊÐ³¡µÄÁìµ¼Õß.

¼ÙÈçÄúÖ´ÒâµØÒªÊ¹ÓÃÒ»¸ö·ÇÉÌÒµ°æ±¾µÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ, Debian ¶ÔÎÒÀ´ËµËÆºõÊÇÒ»¸öÃ÷ÖÇµÄÑ¡Ôñ, µ«ÄúÒª×¢ÒâËüµÄ¼¼ÊõÖ§Ô®·þÎñ»áÊÇÒ»¸öÑÏÖØµÄÎÊÌâ.

ÉÏÃæÕâÐ©¹Ûµãµ±È»²»ÄÜ½âÊÍ³ÉÎªÒ»·ÝÎÞÌõ¼þµÄ±£Ö¤; ²»Í¬ Linux µÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÊÇ¿ÉÕë¶Ô²»Í¬µÄÐëÒª×÷×î¼Ñ»¯µÄ, ²¢ÇÒÄúµÄÏµÍ³¿É½åÓÉÒ»Ð©ÆäËüµÄÌ×¼þµ÷Õû³É×î¼Ñ»¯(ÎÒµÄÇéÐÎºÍÄúÃÇ²»Ò»Ñù, ÌØ±ðÊÇÄúÖ÷ÒªÊÇÊ¹ÓÃ DOS ²¢ÕýÑ°ÕÒÒ»¸ö¿Éµ÷ÕûÎªË«ÖØ¿ª»ú²¢ÓÉ DOS Æô¶¯µÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ).

ÔÙÕß, ¹¤Òµ±ê×¼ÊÇ¼«Ò×Éú±äµÄ. ÔÚÄúÔÄ¶Á±¾ÎÄµÄÍ¬Ê±, Red Hat »ò Debian µÄ¾ºÕùÁ¦¿ÉÄÜÒÑ¾­¼õÈõ²¢ÒÑÓÉ¸üÎª»ý¼«, ÆóÍ¼ÐÄÍúÊ¢µÄÐÂ¾ºÕùÕß¼ÓÒÔÈ¡´úÁË.




\section{¸÷¼Ò·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ}

ËùÓÐµÄÕâÐ©Ì×¼þ½Ô¿É´Ó CD-ROM ¹âµúÆ¬ÉÏÈ¡µÃ(µ«Ò»Ð©·ÇÉÌÒµ°æÌ×¼þ½ö¼ûì¶ÍøÂ·µµ°¸¿ìËÙ¿½±´ÏµÍ³(network-archive snapshots)ÉÏÃæ. ÔÚÍøÂ·ÉÏµÄÌ×¼þ´ó²¿·Ý¶¼¿ÉÒÔÃâ·ÑµÄÈ¡µÃ(µ«ÉÌÒµ°æÌ×¼þ½«¶ÔÕâ¸öÈ¡µÃ·½Ê½²»×÷Ö§Ô®·þÎñ). Òò´ËÓëÆäËµËüÃÇÊÇÍøÂ·ÏÈÐÐ°æ±¾(pre-existing network release)µÄÔÙ°ü¹üÆ·(re-packagings), µ¹²»ÈçËµÕâÐ©ÊÇ×Ô¶©µÄ×éºÏÆ·(custom-assembled).

ÒÔÏÂÒÀ¸÷Ì×¼þÓ¢ÎÄ×ÖÄ¸µÄÅÅÁÐË³Ðò¼ÓÒÔ½éÉÜÖ®:




\subsection{Caldera OpenLinux}

\begin{description}
\item[Ì×¼þ·¢ÐÐÕß:] \mbox{}

\cdx{Caldera, Inc.} \\ 
633 South 550 East \\ 
Provo, Utah 84606 \\ 

Net: \onlynameurl{info@caldera.com} \\ 
WWW: \nameurl{http://www.caldera.com}{} \\ 
FTP: \nameurl{ftp://ftp.caldera.com}{} \\ 
Vox: (801)-377-7678 \\ 
Fax: (801)-377-8752 \\ 



\item[¹©Ó¦Õß¼ò½é:] \mbox{}

Caldera ¹«Ë¾ÏÖÕýÔÚ··ÊÛÒÔ OpenLinux Lite, OpenLinux Base ¼° OpenLinux Standard Ëù×é³ÉµÄÒ»¸öÈý½×¼Ü¹¹(three-tiered)¼Ò×åµÄÏµÁÐ²úÆ·-- OpenLinux 1.2.

OpenLinux Lite ÊÇ OpenLinux ÏµÁÐ²úÆ·ÖÐÒ»¸ö¿É×ÔÓÉÈ¡µÃµÄÆÀ¹À°æ±¾(ËüÄÚº¬Ò»¸ö90ÌìÆÀ¹ÀÆÚµÄ Caldera ÕûºÏÊ½×ÀÃæ --ÍêÕûÊÚÈ¨°æ±¾µÄ×ÀÃæÔò±»°üÀ¨ÔÚ Base ºÍ Standard ²úÆ·ÏµÁÐÖÐ). OpenLinux Lite ¿É´Ó Caldera ¹«Ë¾µÄ ftp Õ¾Ì¨ÏÂÔØ, »òÊÇ¸¶Ð©ÔË·Ñ¶ø´Ó CD ¹âµúÆ¬ÉÏÈ¡µÃ. ËüÒ²±»Éè¼Æ³É¿ÉÓÉÍ¼ÊéÈíÌå³ö°æÉÌËù³ö°æµÄÊé¼®¼°ÈíÌå²úÆ·ÖÐÒ»¸öÎÈ¶¨ÐÔÉÌÒµ°æÈíÌå.

OpenLinux Base ËüÊÇÒÔ Lite plus Ëù×é³ÉÄÚº¬Ò»ÇÐµÄ¶«¶«, ËüÊÇÒ»¸ö¹¦ÄÜÍêÕû, ¼«Ò×°²×°µÄ Linux ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³, Ëü¾ßÓÐÕûºÏÊ½×ÀÃæ, Íø¼ÊÍøÂ·µÄÓÃ»§¶Ë(client) ¼°ËÅ·þ¶Ë(server)µÄÏà¹ØÔª¼þ¼°ÆóÒµÄÚ²¿ÍøÂ·µÄÁ¬Ïß¹¦ÄÜ. OpenLinux Base »¹°üÀ¨ÓÐ Netscape Navigator ºÍÍê±¸µÄËµÃ÷ÎÄ¼þ.

¶øÒÔ Base plus ×é³ÉµÄ OpenLinux Standard °üº¬ÁË¸ü¶àµÄÉõ÷áÄØ? Ëü°üÀ¨¸ü¶àµÄ¼â¶Ë¼¼Êõ(high-end), ÎÅÃûµÄÉÌÒµÐÔÈíÌåÔª¼þ(ÖîÈç Netscape FastTrack ÍøÂ·ËÅ·þÆ÷, »Æ½ð°æµÄ Netscape Navigator ÍøÂ·ä¯ÀÀÆ÷¼°±à¼­ HTML ÎÄ¼þµÄ¹¤¾ß, ADABAS D ×ÊÁÏ¿â, StarOffice °ì¹«ÊÒÉú²úÁ¦Ì×¼þ, Caldera OpenDOS ºÍ NetWare ËÅ·þ¶Ë³ÌÊ½¼°¹ÜÀí¹¤¾ß).

ËùÓÐ OpenLinux 1.2 °æ±¾µÄÕâÈý¸ö×é¼þÏÖÔÚ½Ô¿ÉÇáÒ×µÄ»ñµÃ.

Ê¹ÓÃ Caldera OpenLinux Ê±Äú»á·¢ÏÖÒ»¸ö¹ÚºõÈ«ÇòµÄÇ¿´ó¼ÆËã¹¦ÄÜ, ÉõÖÁ¾ÍÏñÔÚÄúµÄ¸öÈËµçÄÔÉÏ¼ÜÉèÒ»Ì×Ç¿´óµÄ UNIX ¹¤×÷Õ¾! ¾­ÓÉÊ¹ÓÃÒ»¸ö Linux ºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½(kernel), OpenLinux Ìá¹©Äú±È½ÏÆðÄÇÐ©ÊýÇ§ÃÀÔª³É±¾µÄÏµÍ³ÓÐ¸ü¿ìµÄËÙ¶È¼°¸ü¼ÑµÄÎÈ¶¨ÐÔ. Open Linux Ò²Ìá¹©Äú:
\begin{itemize}
\item   ÕæÕýµÄ¶à¹¤¹¦ÄÜ¿ÉÈÃÄúÍ¬²½Ö´ÐÐÎÄ×Ö±à¼­¼°Ó°Ïñ»æÍ¼Ó¦ÓÃÈíÌå; Ëü²»ÏñÆäËü²»¼ÑµÄÏµÍ³, »áÒòÆäËüµÄÔ­Òò¶øµ¼ÖÁµ±»ú.
\item   Linux 2.0 µÄºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½¶ÔÁ¬½ÓÍøÂ·ÓÐÌá¹©³¬¿ì (super-fast)µÄ TCP/IP ´æÈ¡¹¦ÄÜ, ¸½¼ÓµÄÉè±¸Æô¶¯×°ÖÃ¸ü¿ÉÊ¹ÄúµÄÏµÍ³×ÊÔ´·¢»Ó×î´óµÄÐ§ÂÊ.
\item   ÔÚ´ó²¿·ÝµÄÏµÍ³ÉÏÃæ¾ß±¸Ñ¡µ¥Ê½(menu-based choices)ºÍÓ²Ìå×Ô¶¯Õì²â(auto-detection)Í¼Ê¾µÄ¿ìËÙ°²×°·½Ê½Ê¹ÄúÔÚ°²×°Ê±Ò×ì¶×ñÐÐ, ¶øÔÚÆô¶¯Ö¸ÒýÉÏ¾ß±¸ÎÊÌâ½â¾öÌáÊ¾, Ò²Ìá¹©ÁË step-by-step Í¼½âµÄ²½ÖèËµÃ÷.
\end{itemize}


Ã»ÓÐÆäËüµÄ Linux ÏµÍ³ÄÜ¹»¾ß±¸Ò»¸öÓÉ×éÌ¬¹¤¾ß¼°Í¼ÐÎ½çÃæ±à¼­Æ÷Ëù¹¹³ÉµÄÒ»¸ö¹¦ÄÜÆëÈ«, ÕûºÏÊ½×ÀÃæ(integrated desktop)µÄ½çÃæ. Ëü¹¦ÄÜÇ¿´óµÄÍÏ·Å(drag-and-drop)¹¦ÄÜÄÜÈÃÄú½åÖøÊýÒÔÇ§¼ÆµÄÍ¼Ê¾¼°ÈíÌåÉè¶¨ÇáÒ×µÄÍê³ÉÔ¤ÐÐ×éÌ¬ÅäÖÃ(pre-configured)µÄ¹¤×÷. ËüµÄ×ÀÃæ¹ÜÀíÄÜÁ¦Ìá¹©Ò»¸ö·½±ãµÄµØ·½ÈÃÄúÄÜ¿ìËÙµÄ´æÈ¡ÄúÏ²°®µÄ³ÌÊ½¼°µµ°¸.  Desktop Ìá¹©ÄúÏÂÁÐµÄ¹¦ÄÜ:

\begin{itemize}
\item   Drag-and-drop launching of programs with data files.
\item   Ò»ÖÖÕûºÏÐÔµÄÍ¼ÐÎÎÄ×Ö±à¼­Æ÷.
\item   Ò×ì¶´æÈ¡µÄÇ¿´ó¹¦ÄÜÏµÍ³×éÌ¬¹¤¾ßÕóÁÐ(array).
\item   ÈÎÒâÅäÖÃµÄÍ¼ÏñÁÐ(icon bar), ×Ô¶©°æÃæ¼°¸öÈËÆ«ºÃÉè¶¨.
\item   Ê¹ÓÃÍÏ·Å»ò¶Ô»°´°µÄÇ¿´óµµ°¸¹ÜÀí¹¦ÄÜ.
\end{itemize}




\item[¶©¹º·½Ê½:] \mbox{}

¿É½åÓÉ¾ß±¸ PGP Ô¿³×·þÎñµÄ email, »ò¾­ÓÉµç»°, ´«Õæ»òÆÕÍ¨ÓÊ¼þ¼ÓÒÔ¶©¹º. ¸üÍêÕûµÄ¶©¹ºÏ¸½ÚÇë²Î¿¼ÏÂÁÐÍøÖ·µÄ×ÊÁÏ \\ 
\nameurl{http://www.calderasystems.com/purchase/}{}



\item[Ö§Ô®·þÎñ:] \mbox{}

Caldera ÊÇÎ¨Ò»ÓÐÌá¹© E-Mail ¼°µç»°Ö§Ô®µÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ. OpenLinux Base(Ö»Ìá¹© E-mail)¼° Standard(µç»°¼° E-mail¶¼ÓÐ)µÄÊ¹ÓÃÕß¿ÉµÃµ½ÍêÈ«µÄÖ§Ô®·þÎñ(Standard µÄÊ¹ÓÃÕßÏíÓÐÔÚ30ÌìÄÚÌá³ö5¸öÃâ·ÑµÄµç»°ÎÊÌâÑ¯ÎÊµÄ·þÎñ). µ«ÊÇ Lite ²úÆ·¾ÍÃ»ÓÐÈÎºÎµÄ¼¼ÊõÖ§Ô®·þÎñ.

OpenLinux Base ºÍ Standard ¾ß±¸ÍêÕûÊÚÈ¨°æ±¾µÄ Caldera Desktop, ËùÒÔÎÞÊ¹ÓÃÆÚÏÞµÄÏÞÖÆ. ¶ø OpenLinux Lite ËüÔòÊÇÒ»¸öÓÐ 90ÌìÆÀ¹ÀÆÚµÄ Desktop °æ±¾.



\item[×îÐÂ°æ±¾·¢±íÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

May 1998 (?)



\item[×îááµÇÂ¼ÐÞ¶©ÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

13 August 1998



\item[Ôö²¹Ñ¶Ï¢:] \mbox{}

OpenLinux ×îÐÂµÄ·¢ÐÐ°æ±¾Îª OpenLinux 2.2 °æ, ËüµÄºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½ÊÇ kernel 2.2.x, Ê¹ÓÃ glibc 2.1³ÌÊ½¿â, X server ÊÇ XFree86 3.3.3.1, ²¢ÇÒ´îÔØÒ»¸öÐÂµÄÍ¼ÐÎ»¯°²×°½éÃæ--Lizard(LInux wiZARD): ¾ßÓÐ×Ô¶¯Õì²âÏµÍ³Ó²Ìå, Éè¶¨Ê±Çø²¢ÄÜ×Ô¶¯Ö´ÐÐÊÊµ±µÄ¹¦ÄÜ. ÔÚÕâ¸ö°æ±¾ÀïºÅ³ÆÊÇÒ»¸öÈ«¹¦ÄÜµÄ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³, ½áºÏÁË¶àÈË¶à¹¤µÄÌØÐÔ¼°´Ó°²×°, µÇÈëÏµÍ³ºÍ×ÀÃæ»·¾³½ÔÊÇÍêÈ«µÄÍ¼ÐÎ»¯Ê¹ÓÃÕß½éÃæ(GUI).

ÖÁì¶ÆäËüµÄÌØÉ«¼ò½éÈçÏÂ, ¸÷Î»Òà¿ÉÉÏÍø¿´¿´: \\ 
Caldera ¹«Ë¾: \nameurl{http://www.caldera.com/}{}

\begin{itemize}
\item  ÔÚ°²×°·½ÃæÓÐ Caldera ¹«Ë¾×ÔÐÐÑÐ·¢µÄ PartitionMagic (´Åµú·Ö¸îµ÷Õû¹¤¾ß) ¼° BootMagic (¶àÖØ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³Æô¶¯¹¤¾ß).
\item  °ì¹«ÊÒÌ××°ÈíÌåÓÐ Staroffice 5.0 ¸öÈË°æ, Corel µÄ WordPerfect 8 ÏÂÔØ°æ, ¾Ý8ÔÂ10ÈÕÆäÍøÕ¾ÏûÏ¢±íÊ¾, ÔÚ OpenLinux 2.3 °æÊ±½«»á¼ÓÈë ApplixWare Office Suite 4.4.2 °æ, ÈÃÎÒÃÇÊÃÄ¿ÒÔ´ý°É!
\item  ÍøÂ·ä¯ÀÀÆ÷ÊÇ Netscape Communicator 4.51 °æ
\item  Desktop ·½ÃæÖ÷ÒªÓÐ KDE 1.1
\end{itemize}


OpenLinux ÔÚ¹úÄÚÓÉÏèÍþ¹ú¼Ê(×Ê²ß»á²úÆ·ÊÂÒµÈºµÄÑÜÉú¹«Ë¾)È¡µÃ´óÖÐ»ªµØÇøµÄ´úÀíÈ¨, ÔÚ7ÔÂ26ÈÕ·¢ÐÐ OpenLinux 2.2 ÖÐÎÄ°æ, ÆäÌØÉ«¼°¹¦ÄÜºÍÓ¢ÎÄ°æÀàËÆ, ¶ø²»Í¬µÄµØ·½Ö÷ÒªÊÇÕûºÏ CLE(ÖÐÎÄ Linux ÑÓÉì°²×°Ì×¼þ 0.8 °æ)Õâ¸öÖÐÎÄ»¯Ì×¼þ. ÆäËü¸üÏêÏ¸µÄ×ÊÑ¶¿ÉµãÑ¡ÏÂÁÐÍøÖ·È¡µÃ.\\ 
ÏèÍþ¹ú¼Ê: \nameurl{http://www.shinewave.com.tw/}{} \\ 
Ë¶³Ï¹«Ë¾: \nameurl{http://www.cynix.com.tw/}{} \\ 
CLE ÍøÕ¾: \nameurl{http://cle.linux.org.tw/CLE/}{} \\ 



\end{description}





\subsection{Debian Linux Distribution}

\begin{description}
\item[Ì×¼þ·¢ÐÐÕß:] \mbox{}

\cdx{Software in the Public Interest, Inc.}
PO Box 1326 \\ 
Boston, Ma. 02117 USA \\ 

Net: \onlynameurl{info@debian.org} \\ 
WWW: \nameurl{http://www.debian.org}{} \\ 
FTP: \nameurl{ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian}{}



\item[¹©Ó¦Õß¼ò½é:] \mbox{}

Debian Linux ÊÇÒ»ÈºÖ¾Ô¸¹¤×÷Õß¾¡ÆäÐÄÁ¦Ëù½¨ÔìµÄÒ»¸ö¸ßÆ·ÖÊ·ÇÉÌÒµÐÔ°æ±¾µÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ. Debian Linux 2.0 ÊÇ¿ÉÔÚ¸öÈËµçÄÔÖ´ÐÐµÄÒ»¸ö¹¦ÄÜÍê±¸ÏàÈÝì¶ Unix (Unix-compatible)µÄ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³. Õâ¸ö×÷ÒµÏµÍ³Ê¹ÓÃ ELF ¿ÉÖ´ÐÐµµ¼° libc6 ³ÌÊ½¿â(Ëü²»ËÆ Debian Ç°Ò»°æ±¾-- Ê¹ÓÃ libc5). Ä¿Ç°, Debian Linux ¿ÉÔÚ IBM PC ¼Ü¹¹ (386/486/Pentium)µÄµçÄÔºÍ m68k ÉÏÖ´ÐÐ, ÁíÔÊÅµÔÚ 2.1 °æÊ±½«¿ÉÔÚ Sparc ¼° Alpha ÉÏÖ´ÐÐ. ¶øÖ§Ô® ARM, PPC ¼° UltraSparc ports µÄ°æ±¾ÔòÕýÔÚ·¢Õ¹ÖÐ.

Debian Linux ÊÇÒ»¸öÒ×ì¶Éý¼¶µÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ, ÆäÖ÷ÒªÊÇÓÉÐí¶à¸÷Ê½¸÷ÑùµÄÔ­Ê¼Âë¼°ÏµÍ³µµ°¸×ÔÓÉµØÖØÐÂ°ü×°·¢ÐÐµÄÈíÌåËù×é³É. Æä¶ÔÒþ²ØÃÜÂë(shadow passwords)µÄÖ§Ô®ÊÇ¿ÉÐÐµÄ, ËäÈ»ËüÔÚ1.1°æÊ±¿¼ÂÇ½«ÈÃËü¾ßÓÐÊµÑéÐÔÖÊ. ¶ø·Ç×ÔÓÉÐÔµÄÌ×¼þÒ²Í¬ÑùÔÚÁ÷Í¨, ÕâÐ©½Ô´Ù³É Debian Linux ³ÉÎªÒ»¸öÈ«·½Î»(well-rounded)µÄ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³.

Debian Linux µÄºÃ´¦ÔÚì¶ËüµÄÒ×ì¶Éý¼¶ÐÔ, Ã÷È·µØ¶¨Òå¸÷Ì×¼þ¼äµÄÏàÒÀÐÔ¼°¿ª·ÅÐÔµÄ·¢Õ¹. ËüÊÇÎ¨Ò»Ò»ÖÖÍ¸¹ýÍøÂ·ÉÏºÜ¶à¶ÀÁ¢µÄ¸öÌå¹²Í¬·¢Õ¹µÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ, ÕâÖÖ¼´ÊÇºÍ Linux ¼°ÆäËü¿ª·ÅÐÔÔ­Ê¼Âë×÷ÒµÏµÍ³µÄ¾«ÉñÒ»Ñù. ÓÐ¶àì¶400¸öÌ×¼þÎ¬»¤ÕßÕýÔÚ³¬¹ý1500¸öÌ×¼þÉÏ½øÐÐÎ¬»¤µÄ¹¤×÷²¢¶Ô Debian Linux ×ö¸ÄÉÆ. Í¸¹ý Debian Ê¹ÓÃÕß×åÈº(Debian community)ÄÜ½åÓÉÒ»¸öÓÅÁ¼µÄ³ÌÊ½³ô¡õ×·×ÙÏµÍ³À´½Ìµ¼ user Ò×ì¶»Ø±¨ bugs ¼°°²È«ÉÏµÄÖØÒªÎÊÌâÒÔ×÷¿ìËÙµÄ´¦Àí. ÆäÐÂ°æ±¾µÄÌ×¼þÒ²ºÜ¿ìµØ·¢±íÔÚÖªÃû ftp Õ¾Ì¨µÄµµ°¸×ÊÁÏ¿â(ftp archives)ÉÏ.

Debian Linux ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸»ÓÐ»îÁ¦µÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ. ¿ìÕÕ(Snap-shot)°æ±¾´óÔ¼Ã¿Èý¸öÔÂ¾Í·¢±íÒ»´Î, ¶ø ftp Õ¾Ì¨µÄµµ°¸×ÊÁÏ¿âÔòÃ¿Ìì¸üÐÂ.

Èç¹ûÏë»ñµÃ¸ü¶àÓÐ¹Ø Debian Linux µÄ×ÊÑ¶, Çë²Î¿¼ÏÂÁÐÍøÕ¾µÄÒ»Ð©ÎÄ¼þµµ°¸ \\  \nameurl{ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/doc/}{} »òÊÇÔì·ÃÎÒÃÇÈ«Çò×ÊÑ¶ÍøµÄÍøÒ³ \\  \nameurl{http://www.debian.org/}{}.

¼ÙÈçÄú¶Ô²Î¼ÓÕâ¸ö·¢Õ¹¼Æ»®ÓÐÐËÈ¤, Äú¿ÉÔÚÖ÷ÌâÁÐ(subject line)ÒÔ " help" Õâ¸ö×ÖÑÛ¼ÄÒ»·â mail µ½ debian-user-request@lists.debian.org (»ò·Ö±ðµØ¼Äµ½ debian-devel-request )Ïò debian-user@lists.debian.org »òÊÇ debian-devel@lists.debian.org ÇëÇó¶©ÔÄ.



\item[ÍøÂ·´æÈ¡Î»Ö·:] \mbox{}

Debian Linux ¿ÉÓÉÄäÃûµÄ FTP Õ¾Ì¨È¡µÃ \nameurl{ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/}{} Òà¿ÉÓÉ×î½Ó½üÄúµÄÓ³ÉäÕ¾Ì¨(mirror)»ñµÃ \onlynameurl{Ó³ÉäÕ¾Ì¨Ãû³Æ} .



\item[×îÐÂ°æ±¾·¢±íÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

24 July 1998 (2.0)



\item[×îááµÇÂ¼ÐÞ¶©ÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

13 Aug 1998



\item[Ôö²¹Ñ¶Ï¢:] \mbox{}

Debian GNU/Linux ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸üÎª·ûºÏ¿ª·ÅÐÔÔ­Ê¼Âë(Open Source Software) ¾«ÉñµÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ, Æä·¢Ô´¼°ÌØÉ«²»ÓÃÔÚ´Ë×¸ÑÔ. ÔÚ1999Äê3ÔÂ9ÈÕÒÑÍÆ³ö´úºÅÎª slink µÄ2.1°æ, ÆäÖ÷ÒªÌØÉ«ÎªÖ§Ô® Sparc ¼° Alpha Æ½Ì¨, ºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½Îª kernel 2.0.x, Ê¹ÓÃ glibc 2.1°æ C ³ÌÊ½¿â. ÁíÍâÔ¤¼ÆÔÚ2.2°æÊ±½«Ö§Ô® ARM ¼° PowerPC(PPC) Æ½Ì¨, ÏµÍ³ºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½Îª kernel 2.2.x.

ÄúÒ²¿ÉÒÔÍ¸¹ýÏÂÁÐÕâ¸öÍøÖ·¹ºµÃ¹Ù·½°æµÄ¹âµú, ÏÖÔÚ×îÐÂµÄ°æ±¾Îª Debian GNU/Linux 2.1r2 (4Æ¬Ò»¸öset µÄ CD ¹âµú), ÍøÖ·ÈçÏÂ: \\ 
\nameurl{http://www.infomagic.com/}{}

\end{description}





\subsection{Linux Pro}

\begin{description}
\item[Ì×¼þ·¢ÐÐÕß:] \mbox{}

\cdx{WorkGroup Solutions, Inc.} \\ 
P.O. Box 460190  \\ 
Aurora, CO 80046-0190 \\ 

Vox: (303)-699-7470 \\ 
Fax: (303)-699-2793 \\ 
Net: \onlynameurl{info@wgs.com} (orders) \\ 
FTP: \nameurl{ftp://ftp.wgs.com/pub2/wgs}{} \\ 



\item[¹©Ó¦Õß¼ò½é:] \mbox{}

WGS ¹«Ë¾ Linux Pro CD µÄÌØÐÔ(character)ÊÇ²»Í¬ì¶ÊÐ³¡ÏÖÓÐµÄÆäËüËùÓÐ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ. ÎÒÃÇ»ý¼«»îÒ«µØÍ¶Èë Linux ÉÌÒµÊÐ³¡ÖÐ. ÎÒÃÇËù×öµÄÈÎºÎÊÂÇé½ÔÊÇÖøÑÛì¶ÈÕÒæÔö´óµÄ Linux ×åÈº, ²¢ÇÒ°ïÖú Linux ³ÉÎªÒ»¸ö"ÕæÕýµÄ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³"¶ø·ÇÖ»ÊÇÒ»¸ö"ÆÕÍ¨µÄ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³"¶øÒÑ.

WGS ¹«Ë¾µÄ Linux Pro ÊÇÓÉÎÒÃÇÖ÷ÒªµÄ "ÎÈ¶¨°æ(Stable)" Linux CD ¹âµúÆ¬Ëù×é³É, ÎÒÃÇÖ®ËùÒÔÕâÑù×öÊÇÎÒÃÇÏëÈÃËü³ÉÎª×î¼ÑµÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ.  ´ËÍâÎÒÃÇÐÞ¶©ÁËÒ»Ð©´íÎó²¢×öÒ»Ð©´ÎÒªµÄ¸ÄÉÆ.  ÔÚÕâ¸öCD¹âµúÆ¬ÀïµÄÈíÌåÍ¨³£²»ÊÇ×îÐÂ°æµÄ, Ì×¾äÀíÂÛÀ´Ëµ"×îÐÂµÄ×Ü²»ÊÇ×î°ôµÄ(the latest is not always the greatest)".  ºÍÕâÖÖ·½·¨Ò»Ñù, ÎÒÃÇ²»µ«Ìá¹©Ö§Ô®Ð­¶¨¶øÇÒÒ²Ìá¹©¼¼ÊõÖ§Ô®. Òò´Ë»ùì¶Õâ¸öÀíÓÉ WGS Linux Pro ¼«Óû³ÉÎªÒ»¸öÖ÷Á÷µÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ.
ºÜÓÐÑ¡ÔñÐÔµØ, ³ýÁËÔÚÖ÷ÒªµÄ CD ¹âµúÆ¬Íâ, ÎÒÃÇ»¹¹©Ó¦Ò»Ð©¸½¼ÓµÄ CD ¹âµú, ËüÄÚº¬ËùÓÐ×îÐÂ°æµÄ Linux ÈíÌå(°üº¬ tsx-11, metalab, ºÍ Red Hat µÈÍøÕ¾µÄÏÖÓÐµµ°¸). ÊÂÊµÉÏÄúÔÚÕâÐ©¸½¼ÓµÄ CD ¹âµúÆ¬ÉÏ¿ÉÍ¸¹ý¸÷¼Ò·¢ÐÐÕßµÄ Linux ²úÆ·¾ÍÄÜ»ñµÃÈÎºÎµÄ¶«¶«. ÎÒÃÇÒ²²»¶ÏµØÔÚÕâÐ©¸½¼ÓµÄ CD ¹âµúÆ¬ÄÚ¼ÓÈë¸ü¶àµÄÈíÌåÊ¹Ëü¸üÒ×ì¶Ê¹ÓÃ. Í¬ÑùµÄµ±ÄúÒÔÕâÐ©ËùÓÐµÄÌØµãºÍÆäËüµÄ Linux Ì×¼þµÃµ±µØ×÷Ò»¸ö±È½ÏÊ±, Äú»á·¢ÏÖÎÒÃÇ²úÆ·ÏßµÄ¼Û¸ñÊÇ·Ç³£ºÏÀíµÄ.
ÁíÍâ»¹ÓÐÒ»¸öÑ¡Ôñ(ÒÑ°üº¬ Linux Pro+)ÊÇÒ»¸ö×¨ÒµÐÔ²úÆ·¼°ÄÚº¬ Linux ÎÄ¼þ¼Æ»®(the Linux documentation project)¼°¸ü¶à×ÊÁÏµÄÓ¡Ë¢²Ù×÷ÊÖ²á.

ÏÖÔÚµÄ°æ±¾ÊÇ 4.0a °æ; kernel is 1.2.13 with installable 2.0.x on the CD.



\item[ÍøÂ·´æÈ¡Î»Ö·:] \mbox{}

ÇëÔÚÕâ¸öÍøÖ·ÄÚ \nameurl{http://www.wgs.com}{} È¡µÃ WGS ²úÆ·ÁÐ±í, ²¢´Ó CD ¹âµúÆ¬ÉÏµÃµ½×îÐÂµÄ×ÊÑ¶.



\item[¶©¹º·½Ê½:] \mbox{}

Äú¿É´ÓÈ«ÇòµÄÌ×¼þ·¢ÐÐÕß¼°¾­ÏúÉÌ´¦Âòµ½ WGS Linux Pro µÄCD ¹âµúÆ¬, Ò²¿É´ÓÎÒÃÇµÄÍøÕ¾¿ìËÙµÄÈ¡µÃ.

Äú¿É½åÓÉµç»°, ´«Õæ, µç×ÓÓÊ¼þ, »òÒ»°ãµÄÐÅ¼þÀ´ÏòÎÒÃÇ¹ºÂò»òÇëÇóÁË½â¶îÍâµÄ×ÊÑ¶. ÎÒÃÇ½«»áÀÖÒâµØ»Ø´ðÄúÈÎºÎµÄÎÊÌâ. ÎÒÃÇ½ÓÊÜÃÀ¹úÔËÍ¨¿¨, ÐÅÓÃ¿¨, Discover ºÍÍòÊÂ´ï¿¨»ò¾­ÐÅÓÃºË¿ÉµÄ¶©µ¥.



\item[ÔÓ¼Ç:] \mbox{}

ÔÚÎÒÃÇµÄ FTP ÍøÕ¾¡õÓÐ¸üÍêÈ«µÄ×ÊÑ¶.

ÎÒÃÇ(WGS ¹«Ë¾) ÔÚ Linux ºÍ FlagShip ÉÏÃæÓÐ·¢ÐÐÃâ·Ñµç×ÓÓÊ¼þµÄÊ±ÊÂÍ¨Ñ¶(E-mail newsletter), Ëü¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄú½«ÐèÇó½åÓÉµç×ÓÓÊ¼þµÄ·½Ê½À´ÏòÎÒÃÇ¶©ÔÄ.

ÁíÍâÎÒÃÇ±¸ÓÐ Motif, FlagShip, ÏßÉÏÊé¾Ö(A line of books)¼°ÆäËü²úÆ·À´Ê¹ÄúµÄ¾­Ñé¸ü¼ÓµÄÌáÉý¼°ÊµÏÖ, ÓÐÒâÕß¿É¸úÎÒÃÇÇ¢Ñ¯!



\item[×îÐÂ°æ±¾·¢±íÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

1 October 1996.



\item[×îááµÇÂ¼ÐÞ¶©ÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

13 March 1997



\item[±à¼­Õß×¢ÊÍ:] \mbox{}

ËûÃÇ¶ÔÏÖÓÐÕâ¸öÌ×¼þµÄÃèÊö¾ÍÏñÊÇ "Red Hat 3.03 plus". {[}Òë×¢:] Linux Pro ¼´ÊÇ¼Ü¹¹ÔÚ Red Hat Linux 3.0.3 ÉÏÃæµÄ.



\item[Ôö²¹Ñ¶Ï¢:] \mbox{}

WGS ¹«Ë¾µÄ Linux Pro plus ÏÖÔÚ³öµ½ 4.1a °æ±¾, ¶ø Linux Pro ÔòÎª 4.0a °æ±¾. ÆäÊµÔÚ WGS µÄÍøÒ³¡õÃæµÄ»¹ÓÐÁíÍâÁ½¸ö solution, Ò»¸ö¾ÍÊÇÎÄÖÐÌáµ½µÄ FlagShip (4.4 °æ), ËüÊÇÒ»ÖÖ development language. ÔÚÕâÆªÍøÒ³ÉÏÓÐÒ»ìõÓÐÈ¤µÄº½º£Í¼¼°Ïê¾¡µÄ×ÊÑ¶. ÁíÍâÒ»¸ö¾ÍÊÇ WEBworx, ËüÊÇÒ»¸ö web server. ÒëÕßÒòÎª¶Ô Linux Pro Õâ¸ö·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ²»ÊÇºÜÇå³þ, ËùÒÔ¾ÍÇë´ó¼Ò×ÔÐÐÇ°ÍùÑ°±¦ÁË.



\end{description}





\subsection{Red Hat Linux}

\begin{description}
\item[Ì×¼þ·¢ÐÐÕß:] \mbox{}

\cdx{Red Hat Software} \\ 
3201 Yorktown Rd, Suite 123 DeKalb Center \\ 
Durham, NC 27713 \\ 

Vox: (800) 546-7274 or (919) 572-6500 \\ 
Fax: (919) 572-6726 \\ 
Net: \onlynameurl{redhat@redhat.com} \\ 
WWW: \nameurl{http://www.redhat.com}{} \\ 
FTP: \nameurl{ftp://ftp.redhat.com}{} \\ 



\item[¹©Ó¦Õß¼ò½é:] \mbox{}

Red Hat 6.0 ÊÇ¼Ü¹¹ÔÚºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½ 2.2 °æ±¾Ö®ÉÏ²¢ÇÒ¿ÉÖ´ÐÐì¶ Intel, Sparc ºÍ Alpha µçÄÔÆ½Ì¨µÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ.

ÓÐËÄ¸ö´´ÐÂµÄ°²×°·½·¨ÈÃ Red Hat ³ÉÎªÓÐÊ·ÒÔÀ´×îÒ×°²×°µÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ. ÎÒÃÇµÄÍ¼ÐÍ°²×°Ä£Ê½ÒýÁìÄúÔÚ´ó²¿·ÝµÄ°²×°¶¯×÷Ê±Ö±½Ó½øÈëµ½ X ÊÓ´°µÄ×´Ì¬. ÎÒÃÇµÄ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬½¨Á¢Ö¸ÁîºÜÈÝÒ×µÄÕÒµ½ºÏÊÊµÄ¿ª»úÑ¡Ïî, ²¢¿É´¢´æÄúÏÖÔÚµÄÍøÂ·×éÌ¬×ÊÑ¶¼° XF86config Ñ¶Ï¢, ËùÒÔÄú²»±ØÔÙÖØÐÂ×éÌ¬ TCP/IP »ò X Window system! ÎÒÃÇµÄ FTP °²×°·½Ê½ÈÃÄú¿É½åÓÉ3¸öÈíµúÆ¬µÄÓ³Ïñµµ(image)½øÐÐ¼òµ¥µÄ°²×°--Ëü×Ô¶¯»¯µØÍê³ÉÆäâÅµÄ°²×°²¿·Ý. ×îáá, Æä¶Ô PCMCIA ×°ÖÃµÄÖ§Ô®Ò²ÊÇÎÞÓëÂ×±ÈµÄ--ËüÄÜÈÃ Red Hat °²×°ÔÚÄúµÄ±Ê¼ÇÐÍµçÄÔÊ±¾ÍÏñ°²×°ÔÚ×ÀÉÏÐÍµçÄÔÒ»ÑùµÄ¼òµ¥.

Ö»ÒªÄú°²×°¹ýÒ»´Î Red Hat Linux ááÄú¾Í²»ÓÃÖØÐÂÔÙ×ö°²×°µÄ¶¯×÷ÁË! Õâ¸öÐÂµÄ RPM °ü×°ÏµÍ³ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸ßÐÔÄÜµÄ¼¼ÊõËüÄÜÈÃÄúÔÚÉý¼¶ÎªÐÂµÄ Red Hat °æ±¾Ê±²»ÓÃÔÙÖØÐÂ°²×°ÄúµÄÏµÍ³--²»ÓÃÖØÐÂÓ²µú·Ö¸î, ²»ÓÃ±¸·ÝÄúËùÓÐµÄµµ°¸¸ü²»»áÈÃÄú¸Ðµ½Í·Í´.



\item[¶©¹º·½Ê½:] \mbox{}

Äú¿ÉÖ±½Ó´Ó Red Hat ¹«Ë¾ºÍ´ó²¿·ÝµÄ Linux Ïà¹Ø²úÆ··¢ÐÐÕß´¦È¡µÃ. Çë½ÓÇ¢ Red Hat ¹«Ë¾È¡µÃÏêÏ¸µÄ¶©¹ºÏ¸½Ú(Í¸¹ý Red Hat ¹«Ë¾µÄÍøÕ¾¿ÉÈ¡µÃÏßÉÏµÄ¶©¹ºµ¥). ¿ÉÔÚ Intel Æ½Ì¨Ö´ÐÐ°æ±¾½¨ÒéµÄÁãÊÛ¼ÛÎª \$49.95 ÃÀÔª, ¶øÔÚ Sparc ¼° Alpha Æ½Ì¨Ö´ÐÐµÄ°æ±¾Îª \$99.95 ÃÀÔª.



\item[×îÐÂ°æ±¾·¢±íÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

10 Mar 1999



\item[×îááµÇÂ¼ÐÞ¶©ÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

7 Jun 1999.



\item[±à¼­Õß×¢ÊÍ:] \mbox{}

Õâ¸öÌ×¼þ×î´óµÄÂôµã¾ÍÊÇ RPM ¼¼Êõ, ËüÊÇ the Red Hat Package Manager µÄ¼ò³Æ. Õâ¸öÈíÌåµÄ¹¦ÄÜÊÇÏàµ±Ç¿º·ÒýÈË×¢Ä¿µÄ; ËüÔÊÐíÄúÇ¬¾»µØ°²×°(cleanly install)¼°·´°²×°(de-install)Ó¦ÓÃÈíÌå¼°×÷ÒµÏµÍ³¸÷Ôª¼þ, °üÀ¨ºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½ºÍ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³±¾Éí. ³ýÁË Debian   Linux ÒÔÍâ RPM Õý±»ÆäËüËùÓÐµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þËùÒýÓÃ.



\item[Ôö²¹Ñ¶Ï¢:] \mbox{}

Ìú´ïÄáºÅ(Titanic)ÏàÐÅ´ó¼Ò¶¼¿´¹ý°É? ÄúÖªµÀÆäÖÐ³¡¾°µÄÌØÐ§ÊÇÓÃ105Ì¨ÅÜ Red Hat Linux 4.1°æµÄ Alpha µçÄÔ¼°200¶àÌ¨µÄ SGI ºÍ50¶àÌ¨µÄ NT Ëù×÷³ÉµÄÂð? Ð¡ºìÃ±È·ÊµÓÐºÜ¶àµÄÓÅµã, ×î°ôµÄµ±È»¾ÍÊÇÒ××°Ò×ÓÃµÄ RPM ¼¼ÊõÁË. ÔÚ Red Hat Linux 6.0 °æÖÐ RPM ÒÑ³öµ½3.0°æ, X server Îª XFree86 3.3.3.1, Æä glibc Îª 2.1 °æ, Ê¹ÓÃµÄºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½Îª kernel 2.2.5 °æ±¾, ¶ÔÖ§Ô®¶Ô³ÆÊ½´¦ÀíÆ÷(SMP)ÉÏÓÐÖØ´óµÄ¸ÄÉÆ, Ïà¶Ôì¶Ç°°æ±¾(5.2°æ)Æä½ÏÎªÖØÒªµÄÌØÉ«Îª:

\begin{itemize}
\item  °²×°³ÌÐòÖÐ¼ÓÈëÒþ²ØÃÜÂë(shadow password)µÄ¹¦ÄÜ, ÒÔÔö¼ÓÏµÍ³°²È«ÐÔ.
\item  °²×°³ÌÐòÖÐ½« X Window System µÄÉè¶¨²½Öè¸Äµ½×îááÔÙ½øÐÐ, ÏÔÊ¾¿¨Éè¶¨×ÝÐíÎÞ·¨Íê³ÉÒ²¿É°²×°³É¹¦, ²¢ì¶µÚÒ»´Î¿ª»úÊ±ÔÙÖØÐÂÉè¶¨¼´¿É.
\item  Í¬Ê±Ìá¹© KDE ¼° GNOME Á½Ì×ÕûºÏÐÔµÄÍ¼ÐÎ×ÀÃæ»·¾³¹© user Ñ¡ÓÃ.
\end{itemize}


ÁíÍâ Red Hat Ê×Ò³Ò»¸Ä¹ýÈ¥µÄ·±ÔÓ¸Ð¾õ¶ø±äµÃ½ÏÎª¼ò½à, ´ó¼Ò¿ÉÉÏÍøÇÆÇÆ. ÍøÖ·Îª: \\  \nameurl{http://www.redhat.com}{}

ÔÚ¹úÄÚÓÉÐ¡³æ(Ö£Ô­ÖÒÏÈÉú)Áì¾üµÄ CLE ·¢Õ¹Ð¡×éÕýÔÚ·¢Õ¹ Linux ÖÐÎÄ»·¾³µÄ¹¤×÷, CLE ¾ÍÊÇ Chinese Linux Extensions (ÖÐÎÄÑÓÉì°²×°Ì×¼þ) µÄËõÐ´, Ëü¼´ÊÇÓÉÒ»Ð©ÖÐÎÄÏà¹Ø³ÌÊ½µÄ rpm µµ, ÕûºÏ½¨¹¹ÔÚ Red Hat Linux Ö®ÉÏµÄÒ»¸öÖÐÎÄÑÓÉìÌ×¼þ. Ä¿Ç°ÒÑ·¢Õ¹µ½ Red Hat Linux 6.0 + CLE 0.8 µÄ½×¶Î, ÏàÐÅÓ¦ÓÐºÜ¶à¶ÁÕßÔçÒÑÔÚÊ¹ÓÃÕâÌ×Ì×¼þÁË. ´ó¼Ò¿ÉµãÑ¡ CLE ÍøÖ·ÒÔÈ¡µÃ¸ü¶àµÄ×ÊÑ¶»òÈ¡µÃÆäÏà¹ØÌ×¼þ¼° image µµ, ´ËÍâÓÐÐÄµÄ»°, ¸ü¿É´Ó´ËÍøÖ·»ñµÃÎª Linux ÖÐÎÄ»¯¾¡Ò»·ÝÐÄÁ¦µÄ½øÒ»²½×ÊÑ¶. \\ 
CLE ÍøÖ·: \nameurl{http://cle.linux.org.tw/CLE/}{}



\end{description}





\subsection{Trans-Ameritech Linuxware}

\begin{description}
\item[Ì×¼þ·¢ÐÐÕß:] \mbox{}

\cdx{Trans-Ameritech} \\ 
2342A Walsh Avenue \\ 
Santa Clara, CA 95051 \\ 

Net: \onlynameurl{info@trans-am.com} \\ 
WWW: http://www.trans-am.com \\ 
Vox: (408)-727-3883 \\ 
Fax: (408)-727-3882 \\ 
BBS: (408)-980-9840



\item[¹©Ó¦Õß¼ò½é:] \mbox{}

Trans-Ameritech ¹«Ë¾ÔçÔÚ1997Äê¾Í·¢ÐÐÁË10 ¸ö Linux µÄ°æ±¾. ¾ÍÆä·¢Õ¹Àú³ÌÀ´Ëµ, Trans-Ameritech ÒÑ¾­Îª½áºÏÈÝÒ×Ê¹ÓÃ¼°Ò×ì¶°²×°¶¨ÏÂÁËÐÂµÄ±ê×¼, ¼´Ê¹ÊÇÒ»¸ö³õ´Î(first-time)Ê¹ÓÃµÄ user , LinuxWare ²úÆ·ÏµÁÐµÄ CD-ROM ¹âµúÆ¬¶ÔËûÀ´ËµÒàÊÇÍ¬ÑùµÄÒ×ì¶Ê¹ÓÃ.  ÕâÌ×¼þÊÇ¸öºÜÓÐµ¯ÐÔ(flexible)Ò×ì¶°²×°µÄ²Ù×÷ÏµÍ³, Ê¹ÄÇÐ©¶ÔÑ§Ï° Unix ÏµÍ³ÓÐÐËÈ¤µÄ¼¼ÊõÈËÔ±, Ñ§Éú¼°¼ÒÍ¥¸öÈËµçÄÔÊ¹ÓÃÕßÖúÒæÁ¼¶à.

\begin{itemize}
\item  ÐÂµÄ Linux Ê¹ÓÃÕß½«ÄÜ´Ó CD ¹âµúÆ¬ÉÏÅÐ¶ÏÌå»áÊÓ´°»¯°²×°³ÌÊ½(Windows-based set up program)µÄ¼ÛÖµËùÔÚ.
\item  ºÜ¶àÍâ¼ÓµÄºËÐÄÖ§Ô®²»Í¬µÄÏµÍ³¼Ü¹¹ÒÔ½µµÍÓ²Ìå³åÍ»µÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ. ËüÃÇ¶ÔÏµÍ³°²×°¼°Õý³£µÄ²Ù×÷ÊÇºÜÓÐÓÃµÄ.
\item  ºÜ¶àÏßÉÏµÄËµÃ÷ÎÄ¼þÒÔÄÜÖ§Ô®¿ìËÙµÄ²éÑ¯, Ëü°üÀ¨ÁËÒÔÔ­Ê¼Âë, dvi ¼° ps ¸ñÊ½´æÔÚµÄ Linux ÎÄ¼þ¼Æ»® (Linux Documentation Project) µÄµµ°¸.
\end{itemize}


±¾Ì×¼þÒà°üº¬ºÜ¶àÈíÌå, ÈçÏÂËùÊ¾:

\begin{itemize}
\item  ÄÜÔÚÎ¢Èí Windows ÊÓ´°¼Ü¹¹ÏÂÖ´ÐÐµÄ X ×éÌ¬³ÌÊ½
\item  ²»µ«ÓÐ C/C++,Pascal ¼° Ada ±àÒëÆ÷²¢ÇÒ»¹ÓÐ Fortran µÄ×ª»»Æ÷
\item  TCP/IP ÍøÂ·Á¬Ïß¹¦ÄÜ, UUCP,SLIP,CSLIP,PPP
\item  ¿ÉÒÔ¶þÔªÂë¼°Ô­Ê¼Âë´æÈ¡ FTP,Telnet,News and E-mail µÄÍø¼ÊÍøÂ·´æÈ¡¹¦ÄÜ
\item  ¶à¹¤µÄÖÕ¶Ë»úÄ£Äâ³ÌÊ½¼° X ÊÓ´°(X-Window) ÏµÍ³»·¾³
\item  ·ûºÏ Gnu ºÍ international (¹ú¼Ê»¯)°æ±¾µÄ ispell Æ´×Ö¼ì²éÆ÷(spell-cheker)
\item  Á¬ÍøÍ¨Ñ¶Ó¦ÓÃÈíÌå: term , minicom ¼° Seyon (X-Window ¼Ü¹¹ÏÂÖ´ÐÐµÄÍ¨Ñ¶ÈíÌå)
\item  ±à¼­ÈíÌå: elvis(vi ÏàÈÝÆ·), joe, jove ¼° Emacs
\item  ·ÖÒ³Ê½ÃèÊöÓïÑÔ PostScript ÏàÈÝ(clone)µÄ ghostscript ³ÌÊ½
\item  Îï¼þµ¼Ïò GNU Smalltalk ÓïÑÔºÍ×÷ÓÃì¶ X ÊÓ´°µÄ Smalltalk ½çÃæ
\item  TCL/Tk (¾ß±¸ Motif-like µÄ X ÊÓ´°½çÃæµÄÇ¿´óÃèÊöÓïÑÔ)
\item  ¿ÉÊ¹µç»ú¹¤³ÌÊ¦¼°»ðÍÈ×å°®ºÃÕßÊ¹ÓÃµÄÈíÌå
\item  Interviews ³ÌÊ½¿â, °üÀ¨µµ°¸¼°ÎÄ¼þ´¦ÀíÆ÷ (Word-processor)ºÍ»æÍ¼³ÌÊ½ (drawing program)
\item  ÅÅ°æÈíÌå: TeX, LaTeX, xdvi, dvips, Metafont, groff
\item  ¾ßÓÐ³¬Á¬½á¹¦ÄÜµÄ Andrew ¶àÃ½ÌåÎÄ×Ö±à¼­Æ÷
\item  FAX ÈíÌå(²»ÊÇÔÚ class 1 ¾ÍÊÇ¿ÉÔÚ class 2 ÉÏµÄ fax modems ÓÃÀ´ÊÕ·¢´«ÕæµÄÈíÌå)
\item  DOOM ÓÎÏ·ÈíÌå(Ò»ÖÖÈÈÖÔì¶ game µÄÈËËùÏ²°®µÄÓÎÏ·ÈíÌå)
\end{itemize}


ËùÓÐµÄÔ­Ê¼Âë½Ô¿É´Ó CD ¹âµúÆ¬ÉÏÈ¡µÃ. ÓÐÓÃµ½µÄÔ­Ê¼Âë¾­³£ÊÇÒÔ½âÑ¹ËõÐÍÌ¬´æÔÚ²¢¿ÉÖ±½Ó´Ó CD ¹âµúÆ¬ÉÏÈ¡ÓÃ.

ÒÑ½âÑ¹µÄ Linux µµ°¸ÏµÍ³¶Ô×÷Îª´Åµú¿Õ¼äÑ¶Ï¢½»»»(disk space conversation)¼°²Î¿¼ÊÇÏàµ±ÓÐÓÃµÄ. Äú¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó´Ó CD ¹âµúÆ¬ÉÏÖ´ÐÐÈíÌå! ÓÐÒ»¸öºÜ´óµÄ×ÊÁÏÄ¿Â¼ÊÇÓÃÀ´·ÅÖÃÏßÉÏËµÃ÷¼°ÖÚ¶àµÄÏßÉÏÊÖ²á(manpages)µÈ×ÊÁÏ.

¶øÒÑ½âÑ¹µÄ FreeBSD ºÍ NetBSD Ô­Ê¼ÂëÖÐ½ÔÓÐÌá¹©¸ø hacker µÄ²Î¿¼ËµÃ÷.

ÎÒÃÇµÄÌ×¼þÓëÆäËµÊÇ¸ø UNIX ×¨¼ÒÃÇËùÊ¹ÓÃ, µ¹²»ÈçËµÊÇÌá¹©¸ø Windows ºÍ DOS Ê¹ÓÃÕßÏëÒªµÄÒ»¸ö¼òÒ×µÄÉý¼¶Í¾¾¶.



\item[¶©¹º·½Ê½:] \mbox{}

µç×ÓÓÊ¼þ¶©µ¥¿ÉÔÚÕâ¸öÍøÕ¾È¡µÃ \onlynameurl{order@trans-am.com} \\ 

ÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚµÄ°æ±¾ÊÇ LinuxWare 2.5 , Æä¼Û¸ñÊÇ \$19.95 ÃÀÔª.

ÏñÕâÑùÒ»¸öÌ×¼þµÄ¶©¼ÛÊÇ: LinuxWare 2.5 , Supplement 5 ºÍ Supplement 4 (Ultimate LinuxWare Bundle) Æä¼ÛÇ®ÊÇ \$30 ÃÀÔª.

¼ÙÈçÄúÓÃÐÅÓÃ¿¨¶©¹º (VISA, MC, AmEx, Discovery), ÇëÄúÖ¸Ã÷¿¨ºÅ, ÓÐÐ§ÆÚÏÞ¼°ÓÊ¼ÄµØÖ·.

ÔÚÃÀ¹úÔËÊä¹ÜÀí·ÑÓÃÎª: µ¥Ò»µÄ CD-ROM Ì×¼þ»ò Ultimate LinuxWare Bundle ÊÇ \$5 ÃÀÔª(first class US mail).

¹úÍâµ¥Ò» CD-ROM Ì×¼þµÄÔËÊä·ÑÓÃÊÇ \$8 ÃÀÔª , ¶ø bundle ÊÇ \$12 ÃÀÔª.

ÔÚÃÀ¹ú±¾ÍÁÒÔ"»õµ½²ÅÊÕ¿î(COD)" ·½Ê½Ö»Ðë \$4.50 ÃÀÔª. ¶øÔÚ¼ÓÄá¸£ÄáÑÇÖÝ(California)µÄ¾ÓÃñÇëÔÙ¼Ó 7.75\% µÄÓªÒµË°.

Äê¶©ÔÄ·ÑÓÃ (Ò»Äê 4 ´Î·¢ÐÐ) ÊÇ \$80 ÃÀÔªÔÙ¼ÓÉÏ S\&H µÄ¼ÆËã·½Ê½(×¢Òâ:ÔÚÒ»´ÎµÄ¶©ÔÄÆÚÄÚËÍËÄ´Î»õÆ·). ÀýÈç: ÔÚÃÀ¹ú¶©ÔÄµÄ¼ÛÇ®ÊÇ:  \$80 ÃÀÔª + \$5 ÃÀÔªx4= \$100 ÃÀÔª. ÔÚÅ·ÖÞºÍÈÕ±¾µÈ¹ú¼ÒÊÇ \$80 ÃÀÔª + \$8 ÃÀÔªx4 = \$112 ÃÀÔª.



\item[ÔÓ¼Ç:] \mbox{}

¼ÙÈçÄúÓÐ¸ü½øÒ»²½µÄÎÊÌâ, ÇëÒÔÏÂÁÐ E-mail Î»Ö·À´¸úÎÒÃÇÁ¬Ïµ: info@trans-am.com »ò order@trans-am.com.



\item[×îÐÂ°æ±¾·¢±íÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

January 1997 (Supplement 5)



\item[×îááµÇÂ¼ÐÞ¶©ÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

13 August 1998



\item[Ôö²¹Ñ¶Ï¢:] \mbox{}

ÔÚ¶Áµ½±¾ÎÄÒÔÇ°ÒëÕß´ÓÎ´"ÌýËµ"¹ýÓÐ´ËÌ×¼þ, 7¸öÌ×¼þÖÐËüËãÊÇ×îÎªÄ°ÉúµÄ, ÔÚÕû¸öÖÐÒë¹ý³Ì¼°ÉÏÍøÑ°Çó×ÊÁÏÊ±·¢ÏÖËüºÍ FreeBSD ¼° NetBSD ¿ÉÄÜÓÐ¼«´óµÄÔ¨Ô´. ÔÚÆäÍøÕ¾ÉÏ  \nameurl{http://www.trans-am.com/}{} \\  Äú¿É·¢ÏÖµ½:

\begin{itemize}
\item  ×îÐÂ°æ±¾Îª LinuxWare 2.5
\item  ÓÐÈýÖÖÔö²¹Ì×¼þ, ·Ö±ðÎª Supplement 3, Supplement 4 ¼° Supplement 5, ½Ô¸÷ÓÐÌØÉ«, ÖîÎ»¶ÁÕß¿É×ÔÐÐÇ°Íù²é¿´.
\end{itemize}




\end{description}





\subsection{Slackware}

\begin{description}
\item[Ì×¼þ·¢ÐÐÕß:] \mbox{}

\cdx{Walnut Creek CDROM} \\ 
4041 Pike Lane, Suite D \\ 
Concord, CA  94520 \\ 

Net: \onlynameurl{info@cdrom.com}
(information), \onlynameurl{order@cdrom.com} (orders), \onlynameurl{support@cdrom.com} (support).



\item[¹©Ó¦Õß¼ò½é:] \mbox{}

Ftp.cdrom.com ÊÇ Slackware Linux µÄ "¼Ò".  ÎÒÃÇÊÇ Slackware Linux CDROM ¹âµúÆ¬µÄ¹Ù·½·¢ÐÐÕß. ÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ°æ±¾ÊÇÎª Slackware 96 µÄËÄÆ¬×° CD Ì×¼þ×é. ËüÊÇ½¨¹¹ÔÚ kernel ºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½ 2.0.34 °æ±¾Ö®ÉÏµÄ¹âµúÌ×¼þ.

Slackware Linux ÊÇ±»Éè¼Æ¿ÉÔÚÒ»²¿¾ßÓÐ3.5¡õÈíµú»ú¼°CD-ROM ¹âµú»úµÄ 386/486 µçÄÔÉÏÖ´ÐÐ, ¾ßÓÐÈ«¹¦ÄÜÌØÉ«µÄ Linux ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³.



\item[ÍøÂ·´æÈ¡Î»Ö·:] \mbox{}

WWW: \nameurl{http://www.cdrom.com/titles/os/slack96.htm}{} \\ 
FTP: \nameurl{ftp:ftp.cdrom.com/pub/linux/slackware}{} \\ 



\item[¶©¹º·½Ê½:] \mbox{}

´Ó Walnut Creek ¹«Ë¾¹ºÂò CD-ROM ¹âµúÆ¬Ì××°×éÃ¿·ÝÊÇ \$39.95 ÃÀÔª.



\item[×îÐÂ°æ±¾·¢±íÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

July 1998 (3.5)



\item[×îááµÇÂ¼ÐÞ¶©ÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

13 August 1998.



\item[Ôö²¹Ñ¶Ï¢:] \mbox{}

Slackware Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÒÑì¶1999Äê5ÔÂ22ÈÕÍÆ³ö×îÐÂµÄ°æ±¾ 4.0 °æ, ÆäÊ¹ÓÃµÄºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½Îª 2.2.6 °æ, ¶ø C ³ÌÊ½¿âÔòÊ¹ÓÃ libc 5.4.46 ²¢Ò²Ìá¹© glibc-2.0.7 pre6µÄÖ§Ô®, Õâ¸öÔçÆÚÔøÎª¹úÄÚÖÚ¶àµÄ Linux Ê¹ÓÃ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ, ×î½üÒÑ±» Red Hat Ëù×·¸Ï¹ýÈ¥, ÒÔÍùÖî¶àµÄÈ±µãÏñÊÇÈíÌåÉý¼¶Âé·³, bug Âù¶àµÄ, ¼ÓÉÏÒ×ÓÃÐÔÒ²²»¼ÑµÈ²»×ãÖ®´¦Ï£ÍûÔÚ´Ë°æ±¾ÄÜÓÐËù¸ÄÉÆ, ±Ï¾¹ÔÚ¹úÄÚºÜ¶à Linux user \& hacker ¶¼ÊÇ´ÓÕâ¡õ¿ªÊ¼µÄ.

Slackware Linux µÄ¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÔÚ´Ë: \nameurl{http://www.slackware.com/}{} \\ 



\end{description}





\subsection{S.u.S.E.}

\begin{description}
\item[Ì×¼þ·¢ÐÐÕß:] \mbox{}

S.u.S.E., Inc.\\ 
458 Santa Clara Ave\\ 
Oakland CA 94610 USA\\ 

Net: \onlynameurl{info@suse.com}\\ 
WWW: \nameurl{http://www.suse.com}{} \\ 
FTP: \nameurl{ftp://ftp.suse.com}{} \\ 
Vox: +1-510-835-7873
Fax: +1-510-835-7875 fax



\item[¹©Ó¦Õß¼ò½é:] \mbox{}

S.u.S.E. Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¶ÔÐÂÊÖµ½×¨¼Ò¸÷½×²ãµÄÊ¹ÓÃÕß½ÔÄÜÌá¹©±ã½ÝµÄ¹¦ÄÜÒÔ½øÈë Linux ¼° UNIX Ö®ÃÅ. ÆäÓµÓÐµÄ×ÊÔ´·±¶à,ÖîÈç´Ó CD-ROM ¹âµúÆ¬°²×°Ê±µÄÑ¡µ¥Ê½°²×°³ÌÊ½(menu-driven installation), ±ê×¼»¯µÄ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬, 400Ò³µÄÊ¹ÓÃËµÃ÷Êé¼° S.u.S.E.×Ô¼º±¾ÉíµÄÏµÍ³¹ÜÀí¹¤¾ß, YaST, ÄÜÈÃÃ¿¸öÈË¿ìËÙµØÍê³É°²×°¼°Ê¹ÓÃ Linux ÏµÍ³²¢Ê¹Ö®ÔËÐÐÎÞ°­.

ÔÙÕß, S.u.S.E. Ìá¹©¶Ô X ËÅ·þ³ÌÊ½( X servers) ×öÒ»ÏµÁÐµÄÖ§Ô®, ËüÖ§Ô®×îÐÂµÄÏÔÊ¾¿¨. ÕâÐ©ËÅ·þ³ÌÊ½ÊÇÓÉºÍ XFree86 (tm) ¿ª·¢Ð¡×é¹²Í¬Ð­Á¦ËùÑÐ·¢½¨Á¢ÆðÀ´µÄ. Äú¿É´ÓÏÂÁÐÍøÖ·µÃµ½¸ü¶àÏêÏ¸µÄËµÃ÷: \nameurl{http://www.suse.de/XSuSE}{}.

ÔÚ S.u.S.E. Linux 5.3 °æÀïµÄÐÂ¹¦ÄÜÈçÏÂ:

\begin{itemize}
\item Kernel ºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½ 2.0.35 °æ
\item KDE ×ÀÃæÕûºÏ»·¾³ 1.0 °æ
\item GIMP Ó°Ïñ´¦ÀíÈíÌå 1.0 °æ
\item SaX (SuSE ¼ÓÇ¿ÐÍµÄXF86×éÌ¬¹¤¾ß)
\end{itemize}


ÆäËüÌØÉ«ËÙÀÀ:

\begin{itemize}
\item  Õâ¸ö×÷ÒµÏµÍ³ÄÚÓÐ³¬¹ý875¸öÈíÌåÌ×¼þ, ÔÚËüµÄ4Æ¬CDÖÐ°üº¬ÓÐÍêÕûµÄÔ­Ê¼Âë¼°ÓÐÓÃµÄµµ°¸ÏµÍ³(live file system)
\item  400Ò³µÄÊ¹ÓÃËµÃ÷Êé
\item  RPM °²×°·½Ê½µÄÈíÌåÌ×¼þÍâ,TGZ °²×°·½Ê½µÄÈíÌåÌ×¼þÒà¿ÉÊ¹ÓÃ
\item  ÏàÈÝì¶ System V µÄÆô¶¯¹ÛÄî(boot concept)²¢×ñ´ÓÆäµµ°¸ÏµÍ³±ê×¼(file system standard)
\item  ¿É×éÌ¬ÍøÂ·, ISDN, e-mail , Ó¡±í»ú¼° X Window System µÄ°²×°¼°¹ÜÀíÊµÓÃ¹¤¾ß--"YaST"
\item  ¿ÉÖ§Ô®ÐÂÏÔÊ¾¿¨µÄ S.u.S.E. X ËÅ·þ³ÌÊ½ (X servers)
\item  µµ°¸ÏµÍ³,Ê¹ÓÃÕß¼°×åÈºµÄ¹ÜÀí¹¦ÄÜ
\item  ¶àÊÓ´°¹ÜÀíÔ±µÄ×Ô¶¯×éÌ¬¹¦ÄÜ
\item  ÏßÉÏÇóÖúÏµÍ³¼°ÎÄ¼þ×ÊÁÏ
\item  ¿ÉÖ±½Ó´Ó CD-ROM ¹âµúÆ¬»òÊÇÔÚDOS·Ö¸îÇøÉÏ»ñµÃ Demo µÄÕ¹Ê¾
\end{itemize}




\item[¶©¹º·½Ê½:] \mbox{}

Äú¿É´Ó \nameurl{ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/SuSE-Linux}{} ÏÂÔØ´Ë·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ. ÄúÒ²¿É½åÓÉÓïÒôµç»°, È«Çò×ÊÑ¶ÍøÉÏ°²È«ÎÞÓÝµÄ¶©¹º±í¸ñ, ´«Õæ»òÓÊµÝµÄ·½Ê½È¡µÃÓÐÖ§Ô®·þÎñµÄ CD-ROM. Æä¼ÛÇ®ÊÇ \$49.95 ÃÀÔª, Òª²»È»¾ÍÊÇ¾­ÓÉ¶©ÔÄ·½Ê½Ã¿¸ö°æ±¾ÊÇ \$34.95 ÃÀÔª. Äú¿ÉÊ¹ÓÃ¶©¹º´úÂë LSUE520 À´»ñµÃÓ¢ÎÄ°æ±¾µÄÌ×¼þ.

Í¬ÑùµÄ·½Ê½: Ò²¿ÉÒÔ \$129.95 ÃÀÔªÈ¡µÃ OSF Motif 2.1 °æ±¾(ÕâÊÇÒªÏÂ¾öÐÄÉý¼¶µÄ¼ÛÇ®; ¶©¹º´úÂë: LMEA210)



\item[Ö§Ô®·þÎñ:] \mbox{}

¹ºÂòÃ¿·ÝµÄ S.u.S.E. Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ½«ÏíÓÐ60ÌìÃâ·ÑµÄ°²×°Ö§Ô®·þÎñ. Äú¿ÉÔÚÍøÒ³ÖÐÕÒµ½Ò»Ð©Ç¢Ñ¯×ÊÑ¶¼°ÏÞÖÆÌõ¼þ.



\item[×îÐÂ°æ±¾·¢±íÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

Î´Ïê.



\item[×îááµÇÂ¼ÐÞ¶©ÈÕÆÚ:] \mbox{}

13 Aug 1998 (5.3)



\item[Ôö²¹Ñ¶Ï¢:] \mbox{}

S.u.S.E. Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þµÄ¸üÐÂËÙ¶ÈÊÇºÜ¿ìµÄ, Æä´óÔ¼ÔÚÎåÄêÇ°ÍÆ³öÁËÊôì¶×Ô¼ºµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ(Ëü¸ÄÐ´×ÔSlackware Distribution)ááÖÁ½ñÔ­ÒÑÍÆ³öµ½6.1°æ(1999Äê5ÔÂ4ÈÕ·¢ÐÐ), ¶øÔÚ8ÔÂ12ÈÕ¸üÍÆ³ö×îÐÂ°æ±¾ --6.2°æ, ËüµÄÐÂÌØÉ«ÈçÏÂ:
\begin{itemize}
\item  ºËÐÄ³ÌÊ½ kernel 2.2.10 °æ
\item  XFree86 3.3.4 °æ
\item  Ê¹ÓÃ2.1°æ glibc ³ÌÊ½¿â
\item  KDE ×ÀÃæÕûºÏ»·¾³ 1.1.1 °æ
\item  Ìá¹©450Ò³Ê¹ÓÃÊÖ²á, 6Æ¬ CD ¹âµúÆ¬¼° bootdiskµÈ
\end{itemize}

Äú¿ÉÉÏÍøÈ¡µÃ¸üÎªÏêÏ¸µÄ×ÊÑ¶,
È«Çò×ÊÑ¶ÍøÍøÖ·: \nameurl{http://www.suse.com}{} \\ 

\end{description}





\section{¶Ô±¾ÎÄ¼þµÄÌá°¸\label{submissions}}

ÎÒ¹ÄÀø´ó¼ÒÀ´Î¬»¤Ò»¸ö Linux µÄÌ×¼þ»òÊÇÓÊ¹º·þÎñ, ½«ËüÃÇµÄ·þÎñ×ÊÑ¶Ìá¹©µ½±¾ÎÄ¼þÖÐ. ÕâÊÇ¼þÈÝÒ×¼°ÈÄ¸»È¤Î¶, ²¢ÇÒÒ²ÊÇÃâ·ÑµÄ¹ã¸æ. Õâ·ÝÎÄ¼þËü±»ÌùÔÚºÜ¶àµØ·½¼°¹éµµÆðÀ´(Çë¿´ÏÂÒ»¸öÕÂ½Ú¾ÍÄÜÁË½â)




\subsection{Ìá°¸ÄÚÈÝµÄÀàÐÍ}

ÎÒÃÇ¶ÔÏÂÁÐµÄÌá°¸ÄÚÈÝÊÇÓÐÐËÈ¤µÄ:

\begin{itemize}
\item ¿É¾­ÓÉÄäÃûµÄ FTP Õ¾Ì¨, UUCP, »òÓÊ¹ºµÄ·½Ê½È¡µÃµÄÒ»¸ö Linux ÍêÕûÌ×¼þ. ÎÒÃÇµÄÒâË¼ÊÇ¾­ÓÉÈÎºÎµÄÒ»×é `ÍêÕûÌ×¼þ'ÈíÌå¾Í¿ÉÒÔÒ»´ÓÍ·¾Í¿ÉÓÃÀ´½¨Ôì³ÉÒ»¸öÍêÕû¿ÉÓÃµÄ Linux ÏµÍ³.
\item ½öÄÜÍ¸¹ýÓÊ¹º·½Ê½¹ºÂòµ½µÄ¸÷ÁìÓò½×²ã²úÆ·¼°¶À×Ô´æÔÚµÄÈíÌåÌ×¼þ. ¼ÙÈçÄúµÄÈíÌåÌ×¼þÊÇ¾­ÓÉÄäÃûµÄ FTP Õ¾Ì¨È¡µÃÊ±, Õâ±íÊ¾ÊÇÓÐÕÒµÃµ½ËüµÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ. Èç¹ûÖ»ÄÜ¾­ÓÉÓÊ¹ºµÄ·½Ê½È¡µÃµÄ»°, ÄÇ±íÊ¾Ëü°üº¬ÉÌÒµÐÔµÄÒ»Ð©¶«¶«, ÖîÈç Motif ºÍÒ»Ð©ÒÆÖ²µ½ Linux ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³µÄÉÌÒµ°æÈíÌå.
\item ÈÎºÎ¿É¾­ÓÉÓÊ¹º·½Ê½¹ºÂòµÃµ½µÄÏà¹Ø {\itshape Linux ÌØÐÔ\/} µÄÉÌÆ·, ÏñÊÇ Linux µÄÌØ¶¨Êé¼®ºÍÎÄ¼þ, T-shirts ºÍ¸÷Ê½¸÷ÑùµÄÓÃ¾ß. ×¢Òâ: ÎÒÃÇ¹ØÐÄµÄÊÇÔÚááÃæÕâÐ©, ËüÊÇÓÐÏÞÖÆµÄ-- ÕâÊÇÒ»·ÝÓÐ¹Ø Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þµÄ HOWTO , ¶ø²»ÊÇÒ»·ÝÌÖÈËÏ²°®µÄ Linux À¬»øÄ¿Â¼. ËùÒÔ·²ÊÇÈÎºÎÄúÒªÏúÊÛµÄ¶«¶«±ØÐëÎª (a) ·Ç³£ÓÐÓÃµÄ, (b) ÓÐ´´ÒâµÄ¼° (c) ·Ç³£ÓÐÈ¤µÄ, ÊÇÕâÑùµÄ»°²Å°ÑËüÁÐµ½ÄúµÄÌá°¸Àï.
\end{itemize}


¼ÙÈçÎªÕâÐ©·þÎñ¼°½×²ãÐÔ²úÆ·Ìá¹©µÄÌá°¸µÄÊýÄ¿ºÜ´óµÄ»°, ÎÒ½«ÎªÕâÐ©ÏîÄ¿×öÒ»·Ý·ÖÀàÊ½µÄ HOWTO(separate HOWTO).




\subsection{ÈçºÎÌá³ö}

ÒªÌá³öÒ»·ÝÑ¶Ï¢µÇÂ¼(entry)µ½Õâ·Ý HOWTO Ê±, ÇëÒÔÏÂÁÐµÄ±íÊ¾·½Ê½¼Ä¸øÎÒ \\  {\ttfamily esr@snark.thyrsus.com}. Õâ¸ö¸ñÊ½²¢²»ÊÇÒ»³É²»±äµÄ(machine-parsable); ÔÚÈÎºÎµÄÑ¶Ï¢¡õÎ§ÄÚÄú¿É×÷³öÈÎºÎÄúÏ£ÍûµÄ³¤¶È, µ«ÎÒÏ£ÍûÃ¿·ÝµÇÂ¼¶¼ÄÜ±£³ÖÔÚ 50 ÐÐÒÔÏÂ¼´¿É.

\begin{description}
\item[Ãû³Æ(Name):] \mbox{}

{\itshape Ì×¼þ»ò·þÎñµÄÃû³Æ\/}



\item[Ì×¼þ·¢ÐÐÕß(Distributor):] \mbox{}

{\itshape ¹«Ë¾Ãû³Æ»òÁ¬ÂçÈËµÄÐÕÃûµÈµÈ/Ë­ÔÚ½¨Ôì»òÎ¬»¤Õâ¸öÌ×¼þ»ò·þÎñ. Ó¦¸Ã°üÀ¨ÓÊ¼þµØÖ·,     email , µç»°µÈÁªÂçÑ¶Ï¢, ¼ÙÈç¿ÉÒÔµÄ»°Ò²Ìá¹©È«Çò×ÊÑ¶ÍøÉÏµÄ²Î¿¼×ÊÑ¶.\/}



\item[¹©Ó¦Õß¼ò½é(Provider's Description):] \mbox{}

{\itshape ÄúËùÌá¹©Õâ¸öÌ×¼þ»ò·þÎñµÄÐðÊö. ¼ÙÈçËüÊÇÒ»¸öÈíÌåÌ×¼þ, Çë°üÀ¨Ò»Ð©Ïà¹ØÑ¶Ï¢ÏñÊÇÒ»¸öÈíÌåËùÓ¦¾ß±¸µÄ°æ±¾ºÅÂë, °²×°µÄÒ»°ãËµÃ÷¼°Éè±¸ÐèÇóµÈ.\/}



\item[ÍøÂ·´æÈ¡Î»Ö·(Internet Access):] \mbox{}

{\itshape ÔÚÍøÂ·ÉÏÄÄÀï¿ÉÒÔÈ¡µÃÄúµÄÌ×¼þ¼°·þÎñ; ÇëÌá¹©´ú±íÐÔµÄÈ«Çò×ÊÑ¶Íø»òÊÇ FTP ÍøÕ¾µÄÍøÖ·.\/}



\item[¶©¹º·½Ê½(Ordering):] \mbox{}

{\itshape ¼ÙÈç´ËÌ×¼þ¼°·þÎñÊÇÊÊÓÃµÄ»°, ÄÇÒªÈçºÎ¶©¹ºÄØ? ÕâÐ©Ó¦°üÀ¨¼ÛÇ®, ÔËËÍ×ÊÑ¶¼°¸¶¿îµÄ·½·¨µÈµÈ.\/}



\item[Ö§Ô®·þÎñ(Support):] \mbox{}

ÓÐ¹ØÖ§Ô®·þÎñµÄÌõ¼þ¼°ÆõÔ¼µÈ×ÊÑ¶.



\item[ÔÓ¼Ç(Miscellaneous):] \mbox{}

{\itshape ÆäËüËùÓÐÄú·¢ÏÖÓÐ¹ØµÄÊÂÏî»òÑ¶Ï¢.\/}



\item[×îÐÂ°æ±¾·¢±íÈÕÆÚ(Last Freeze Date):] \mbox{}

µ±Ç°°æ±¾µÄ×îááÍ£ÁôÈÕÆÚ. Ò²ÇëÄúÔ¤¹À¸üÐÂµÄÆµÂÊ.



\end{description}





\subsection{Ìá°¸µÄÖ¸µ¼Ô­Ôò}

ÄúµÄµÇÂ¼Ñ¶Ï¢Çë¾¡¿ÉÄÜµÄ¼ò¶Ì. ¼ÙÈçÄúÐëÒª°üº¬ºÜ¶àµÄ×ÊÑ¶ÔÚÀïÍ·µÄ»°, ÇëÌá³öÄÜÔÚ´ËÌ×¼þÉÏÈÃ´ó¼Ò½åÓÉ FTP »ò mail µÄ·½Ê½È¡µÃ¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶µÄËµÃ÷°ì·¨; ÕâÐ©µÇÂ¼Ñ¶Ï¢½öÒâÎ½ÖøËüÈçºÎÔÚÄúµÄÖ§Ô®·þÎñ»òÌ×¼þÖÐºÎ´¦Ñ°ÕÒ×ÊÑ¶µÄ {\itshape Ö¸Ê¾Æ÷\/} ¶øÒÑ.

¼ÙÈçÄúÒªÌá¹©³¬¹ýÒ»¸öÒÔÉÏµÄÌ×¼þ»ò·þÎñ, ÇëÎªÃ¿Ò»¸öÊ¹ÓÃ {\itshape ·ÖÀàÊ½µÄÑ¶Ï¢µÇÂ¼(separate entries)\/}·½Ê½.

ÎªÁËÊ¹ÎÄ¼þ¼ò½à¶óÒª, ÎÒÈçÓÐ·¢ÏÖÈÎºÎ²»Ïà¸ÉµÄ×ÊÑ¶»òÊÇÑ¶Ï¢¹ý¶ÈµØÈß³¤, ÎÒ½«»áÐÞ¸ÄÄúµÄµÇÂ¼Ñ¶Ï¢. ·ñÔòÄÚÈÝ¾Í±£³ÖÒ»Ñù²»¼ÓÒÔ±ä¶¯.

µ±ÄúÖÆ×÷Ò»·Ý·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÖ¸Òý(Distribution-HOWTO)µÄÌá°¸Ê±, ÄúÎÞÌõ¼þµÄÍ¬ÒâÐí¿ÉÎÒÊ¹ÓÃÕâ·ÝµÇÂ¼Ñ¶Ï¢µ½ÆäËüµÄ¶«¶«ÉÏÈ¥, ÏñÊÇÒýÓÃ LDP µÄÊé¼®ºÍÆäËüµÄÏßÉÏÎÄ¼þ. ¾ÙÀýÀ´Ëµ, Èç´Ó Distribution-HOWTO ÉÏÞ×È¡µÄ×ÊÑ¶Ëù±à³É³ö°æµÄÊé¼®. ¼ÙÈçÄú²»Ï£ÍûÎÒ³ýÁËÕâ·Ý Distribution-HOWTO Ö®Íâ°ÑÄúµÄµÇÂ¼Ñ¶Ï¢°üº¬µ½±ðµÄ¶«¶«ÀïÃæÊ±, ÇëÄú¸æÖªÎÒ.




\section{ÀýÐÐ¹«ÊÂ}




\subsection{Ê¹ÓÃÌõ¿î}

\begin{description}
{\bfseries      {[}Òë×¢:] ×ðÖØ×÷ÕßÔ­Òâ, ´Ë¶Î²»×÷·­Òë} \\ 

This document is copyright 1997 by Eric S. Raymond. You may use,
disseminate, and reproduce it freely, provided you:

\begin{itemize}
\item Do not omit or alter this copyright notice.
\item Do not omit or alter or omit the version number and date.
\item Do not omit or alter the document's pointer to the current WWW version.
\item Clearly mark any consdensed, altered or versions as such.
\end{itemize}


These restrictions are intended to protect potential readers from
stale or mangled versions.  If you think you have a good case for
an exception, ask me.

\end{description}



\subsection{ÖÂÐ»}

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